shiyongjunzhizhongguochengzhongyoushihuichuxianjunsituchangxianxiang，jutibiaoxianweipeiyangliaobiaomianshengchangguowang，xingchengyicengcuzhuangjunshuwangbingqiezaipeiyangliaobiaomianxingchengjunbei。junzhongchuxianjunsituchangyupeiyangliaodeyingyang。junzhongdetexinghehuanjingtiaojianyouguang。

（1）培養料營養過剩   營養過剩是指培養料中含氮量偏高。食用菌菌種製種時經常會用到麩皮、米糠

、蛋白腖、酵母膏

、尿素、生sheng長chang素su等deng氮dan素su營ying養yang物wu質zhi。菌jun絲si生sheng長chang階jie段duan對dui氮dan素su的de營ying養yang需xu求qiu量liang偏pian高gao
，但dan是shi，實shi際ji調tiao研yan中zhong，我wo發fa現xian，有you一yi些xie菇gu農nong總zong片pian麵mian的de認ren為wei培pei養yang料liao中zhong營ying養yang物wu質zhi越yue多duo越yue好hao，總zong喜xi歡huan在zai拌ban料liao時shi加jia入ru過guo量liang的de營ying養yang物wu質zhi，致zhi使shi麩fu皮pi或huo尿niao素su等deng氮dan素su物wu質zhi營ying養yang過guo多duo就jiu會hui造zao成cheng碳tan氮dan比bi例li失shi調tiao，從cong而er導dao致zhi菌jun絲si徒tu長chang。所suo以yi要yao根gen據ju所suo栽zai培pei品pin種zhong的de特te點dian，來lai選xuan擇ze適shi宜yi的de培pei養yang料liao配pei方fang。

（2）培養管理不當   如養菌室溫度偏高。多數食用菌菌絲的生長溫度為5-33℃。除草菇外
，大多數的食用菌菌絲體生長的適宜溫度一般在20-30℃。peiyangwendudebutong，duijunsitideshengchangsuduhejianzhuangchengdudouyouhendadeyingxiang。yibanshuo，zaiyidingfanweinei，suizhepeiyangwendudeshenggao，junsideshengchangsuduhuizhujianjiakuai，junsishengchangzuikuaidewendujiushijunsishengchangzuiheshidewendu，danshibingbushijunsijianzhuangshengchangdewendu。shijishengchanzhong，womenweilepeiyujianzhuangdejunsichangchangjiangyangjunshiwendutiaozhibijunsizuikuaishengchangwendudi2-3℃。如果養菌室溫度偏高

，則菌絲徒長，但菌絲會稀疏無力，不健壯。此外，通風不良

、空氣濕度過大也會引起菌絲徒長。所以，要求我們在製種過程中要加強管理，加強通風，適當降溫降濕，以抑製菌絲的徒長現象。