花果管理:1.預防晚霜。由於甜櫻桃萌芽、開kai花hua較jiao其qi他ta果guo樹shu早zao,尤you其qi是shi近jin幾ji年nian春chun季ji氣qi溫wen回hui升sheng快kuai且qie高gao,使shi甜tian櫻ying桃tao開kai花hua期qi更geng加jia提ti前qian,這zhe樣yang,晚wan霜shuang對dui甜tian櫻ying桃tao花hua期qi和he幼you果guo就jiu構gou成cheng了le嚴yan重zhong威wei脅xie。因yin此ci,預yu防fang晚wan霜shuang是shi確que保bao甜tian櫻ying桃tao豐feng產chan、穩產的一項重要措施。通常可采取以下措施:(1)genjutianyingtaoduihuanjingtiaojiandeyaoqiu,zaiguihuajianyuanshi,yingxuanzebuyifashengshuangdongdedikuaijianyuan。tongshi,duiwanshuangrongyifashengdiqu,yaofazhantianyingtaokexuanyongmengya、開花較晚、抗霜凍能力較強的優品種。(2)加強果園肥水管理,特別是秋季早施基肥,防治早期落葉病,保護葉片,從而增強樹體貯備營養,提高抗凍能力。(3)在萌芽至開花前園內灌水,降低地溫,可延遲開花3—5天。樹冠噴灑可大枝,塗抹10﹪石灰水,使之反射陽光、降低溫度可延遲開花2—3天。2.tigaozuoguolvdecuoshi。jiaqiangcaihuahouhuayafenhuaqishifei,yisuxiaofeiweizhu,baozhenghuayachongshi,bimianbaiyuhuadedaliangxingcheng。qiujishijifei,zailuoyeqianjinxing,kejinkuaifahuifeixiao,tigaoshutiyingyangzhubeishuiping,zengqiangkanghannengli,tigaozuoguolv。zaikaihuaqianheshengliluoguohou,zhaichuruoxiao、發育不良的花蕾及幼果,保證每個花束狀果枝留2—3個花蕾,每個花序留1—2個果,可以改善保留花果的養分供應,提高坐果率和單果重量。在甜櫻桃盛花期和落花後,每隔10天左右噴一次0.3%磷酸二氫鉀或0.3%硼砂和其混合液,均可顯著提高坐果率。
肥水管理:1.注重深翻改土。定植後1—2年,結合施基肥,在行間或株間開溝,打破定植穴“花盆式”難透水的狀況,使定植穴與溝相通,既促進根係伸展,又解決定植穴內積澇問題。2.對dui於yu進jin入ru盛sheng果guo期qi的de甜tian櫻ying桃tao園yuan應ying避bi免mian全quan園yuan一yi次ci性xing深shen翻fan,對dui幼you齡ling園yuan進jin行xing深shen翻fan,要yao留liu出chu足zu夠gou的de樹shu盤pan,以yi免mian使shi根gen群qun受shou到dao傷shang害hai造zao成cheng樹shu體ti衰shuai亡wang。深shen翻fan最zui好hao在zai晚wan秋qiu進jin行xing,翻fan後hou應ying立li即ji灌guan水shui。3.樹shu盤pan或huo全quan園yuan覆fu草cao,即ji可ke減jian少shao水shui土tu流liu失shi,又you可ke減jian少shao地di麵mian蒸zheng發fa,保bao持chi土tu壤rang濕shi度du相xiang對dui穩wen定ding,提ti高gao冬dong季ji地di溫wen,促cu進jin土tu壤rang微wei生sheng物wu活huo動dong,改gai善shan土tu壤rang結jie構gou,從cong而er有you利li於yu甜tian櫻ying桃tao的de生sheng長chang發fa育yu。4.根據甜櫻桃不同年齡時期的生長發育特點,在幼樹擴冠期(1—3年生),以施速效氮肥為主,輔之以適量磷肥,促進樹冠早成形,在初結果期(4—6年生)以施有機肥和複合肥為主,做到控氮、增磷、補鉀。
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