①繁殖技術:山藥的繁殖分有性繁殖和無性繁殖兩種。有性繁殖主要用於雜交育種以獲取新的高產優質品種類型;因需要時間長,生產中一般不宜采用。無性繁殖有塊莖切塊繁殖法、頂芽繁殖法等。肥水管理技術同大田。
②大田栽培施肥技術:
a.整地施肥,適時栽種:山藥吸收根入土較淺而塊莖入土較深,因此,一定選擇土層深厚、疏鬆,且3年內未連作的砂壤土或壤土,在頭年冬季深翻35limiyishang,kaichunhouzuogaoqihuogoulongzaizhi。youyushanyaodezhuyaoxishougenxifenbuzaishangcengturangzhong,gujifeiqianshiyubiaotuceng,caiquxianzaizhizhongkuai,suihoufantushifeidefangfa。jifeiyixuanyongganfen、草木灰或土雜肥與土拌勻。糞肥應先腐熟,一般施30000~60000千克/公頃,施尿素300~375千克/公頃、過磷酸鈣225千克/公頃、硫酸鉀375~525千克/gongqing。zaiwuluqijiaoduandediqu,weileyanchangqidatianshengyuqi,tigaochanlianghezhiliang,kecaiquyumiaoyizaidefangfa,liyongbaohusheshijinxingmiaochuangyumiao,ranhoushishidingzhidaodatianzhong。
b.巧施追肥:前qian期qi,山shan藥yao主zhu要yao以yi地di上shang莖jing葉ye生sheng長chang為wei主zhu,地di下xia莖jing增zeng長chang較jiao緩huan慢man,需xu肥fei量liang也ye較jiao少shao。故gu從cong播bo種zhong或huo移yi栽zai直zhi至zhi發fa棵ke都dou可ke大da量liang施shi腐fu熟shu的de糞fen肥fei,一yi般ban從cong齊qi苗miao時shi或huo移yi植zhi成cheng活huo後hou施shi一yi次ci稀xi糞fen尿niao15000千克/公頃左右。以後每隔20~30天施1次,每次溝施腐熟的糞尿肥15000~22500千克/公頃或三元複合肥225~300千克/公頃。植株現蕾後,地下塊莖在迅速伸長的同時,也逐漸進入膨大增粗增重時期,需肥劇增,此時應重施較濃的人糞尿和餅肥混合液30000~60000千克/公頃或三要素複合肥600~750千克/gongqing。cicizhuifeishiduikuaijingchanliangyingxiangzuidadeyiciguanjianxingfeiliao。yihouzaijingmanmanjiashi,rufaxianyoutuofeixianxiang,kezaizhuiyicifei,yongliangbiqianyiciyaoshao。zuihouyicizezaishouhuoqian40天時看植株長勢,補肥1次,以提高塊莖產量和品質。在霜降後,地上莖葉枯黃,應及時采收。
手機版




