是目前液相色譜中應用最廣泛的檢測器。自然界中大部分有機物和部分無機物都具有紫外吸收能力,UV檢測器根據化合物對紫外光的吸收能力,通過二極管將光信號轉變為電信號,從而進行分析。tayoulianggeliutongchi,yigezuocanbi,yigezuoceliangyong,guangyuanfachudeziwaiguangzhaoshedaoliutongchishang,ruoliangliutongchidoutongguochundejunyunrongji,zetamenzaiziwaibochangxiajihuwuxishou,guangdianguanshangjieshoudaodefusheqiangduxiangdeng,wuxinhaoshuchu。dangzufenjinruceliangchishi,xishouyidingdeziwaiguang,shiliangguangdianguanjieshoudaodefusheqiangdubudeng,zheshiyouxinhaoshuchu,shuchuxinhaodaxiaoyuzufennongduyouguan。
使用過紫外檢測器的人應該都會發現,很多標準方法中都是以254nm作為檢測波長的,那為什麼是這個波長呢?因為在液相色譜檢測器的發展過程中使用最久的是低壓汞燈,而汞的最大發射波長是253.7nm,也就是說在254nm波長下,燈能量最高,檢測靈敏度最好。但現階段,很多紫外檢測器采用的是氘燈,這時候254nm的檢測波長其實意義不大,氘燈的使用範圍一般是190-800nm,xuyaokaolvhuahewudezuidaxishoubochangbingqiebikailiudongxiangdexishouganraolaixuanzeheshidejiancebochang。zhejiuxianzhileqiliudongxiangdexuanzefanwei,yibanjiancebochangyaobikairongjijiezhibochang20nm以上。
熒光檢測器(FLD)
是目前液相色譜靈敏度最高的檢測器,應用廣泛,選擇性強。適用於能激發熒光的化合物。很多與生命科學有關的物質,如氨基酸、胺類、維生素、zaizuhuahewujimouxiedaixieyaowudoukeyiyongyingguangfajiance。yingguangjianceqizaishengwuyangpinhenliangfenxizhongjuyouzhongyaozuoyong,youqizaiyongyingguangyanshenghou,keyijiancehenweiliangdeanjisuanhetai。zaishiyanguochengzhongxuyaoyangetuoqi,yinweixitongzhongcanliudeyangqihuiyinfayingguangcuimiefanying,zaochengfengmianjidafuxiajiangshenzhibuchufeng。
示差折光檢測器(RID)
是一種通用型檢測器,利用物質的折光效應,對所有物質均有響應,隻要被測組分與洗脫液的折光指數有差別就可使用。生命科學中常遇到各類糖類化合物、脂肪烷烴等,沒有紫外吸收,一般常用示差折光檢測器。它的通用性比UVD廣guang,但dan靈ling敏min度du要yao低di,對dui溫wen度du變bian化hua敏min感gan,是shi所suo有you檢jian測ce器qi中zhong對dui溫wen度du要yao求qiu最zui高gao的de。另ling外wai,不bu同tong的de流liu動dong相xiang比bi例li,其qi密mi度du或huo者zhe折zhe光guang係xi數shu不bu同tong,如ru果guo流liu動dong相xiang比bi例li發fa生sheng改gai變bian,則ze會hui引yin起qi基ji線xian的de持chi續xu變bian化hua,因yin此ci示shi差cha折zhe光guang檢jian測ce器qi隻zhi能neng采cai用yong等deng度du洗xi脫tuo,不bu能neng采cai用yong梯ti度du洗xi脫tuo,這zhe也ye限xian製zhi了le它ta的de使shi用yong。
蒸發光散射檢測器(ELSD)
也ye是shi一yi種zhong通tong用yong型xing的de檢jian測ce器qi,原yuan理li是shi利li用yong光guang散san射she效xiao應ying,可ke檢jian測ce揮hui發fa性xing低di於yu流liu動dong相xiang的de任ren何he樣yang品pin,通tong過guo霧wu化hua器qi去qu除chu溶rong劑ji,讓rang化hua合he物wu形xing成cheng懸xuan浮fu顆ke粒li,從cong而er形xing成cheng散san射she效xiao應ying。ELSD靈敏度比RID高(gao),對(dui)溫(wen)度(du)變(bian)化(hua)不(bu)敏(min)感(gan),基(ji)線(xian)穩(wen)定(ding),可(ke)用(yong)於(yu)梯(ti)度(du)洗(xi)脫(tuo),並(bing)且(qie)可(ke)在(zai)沒(mei)有(you)標(biao)準(zhun)品(pin)和(he)化(hua)合(he)物(wu)結(jie)構(gou)參(can)數(shu)未(wei)知(zhi)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)檢(jian)測(ce)未(wei)知(zhi)化(hua)合(he)物(wu),但(dan)不(bu)能(neng)使(shi)用(yong)不(bu)揮(hui)發(fa)的(de)鹽(yan)類(lei)溶(rong)劑(ji),而(er)要(yao)用(yong)醋(cu)酸(suan)銨(an)之(zhi)類(lei)的(de)揮(hui)發(fa)性(xing)緩(huan)衝(chong)鹽(yan)來(lai)代(dai)替(ti)。現在ELSD已被廣泛應用於碳水化合物、類脂、脂肪酸和氨基酸、藥物以及聚合物等的檢測。
化學發光檢測器(CD)
化學發光檢測器是近年來發展起來的一種快速、靈敏的新型檢測器,因其設備簡單、價廉、線性範圍寬等優點。其qi原yuan理li是shi基ji於yu某mou些xie物wu質zhi在zai常chang溫wen下xia進jin行xing化hua學xue反fan應ying,生sheng成cheng處chu於yu激ji發fa態tai勢shi反fan應ying中zhong間jian體ti或huo反fan應ying產chan物wu,當dang它ta們men從cong激ji發fa態tai返fan回hui基ji態tai時shi,就jiu發fa射she出chu光guang子zi。youyuwuzhijifataidenengliangshilaizihuaxuefanying,gujiaozuohuaxuefaguang。dangfenlizufencongsepuzhuzhongxituochulaihou,lijiyushidangdehuaxuefaguangshijihunhe,yinqihuaxuefanying,daozhifaguangwuzhichanshengfushe,qiguangqiangduyugaiwuzhidenongduchengzhengbi。gaijianceqibuxuyaoguangyuan,yebuxuyaofuzadeguangxuexitong,zhiyaoyouhengliubeng,jianghuaxuefaguangshijiyiyidingdeliusubengruhunheqizhong,shizhiyuzhuliuchuwuxunsueryoujunyundihunhechanshenghuaxuefaguang,tongguoguangdianbeizengguanjiangguangxinhaobianchengdianxinhao,jiukejinxingjiance。zhezhongjianceqidezuixiaojianchuliangke10-12g。
質譜檢測器(MSD)
也是一種通用型檢測器,在靈敏度、選擇性、通(tong)用(yong)性(xing)及(ji)化(hua)合(he)物(wu)的(de)分(fen)子(zi)量(liang)和(he)結(jie)構(gou)信(xin)息(xi)的(de)提(ti)供(gong)等(deng)方(fang)麵(mian)都(dou)有(you)突(tu)出(chu)的(de)優(you)點(dian)。但(dan)它(ta)的(de)昂(ang)貴(gui)操(cao)作(zuo)費(fei)用(yong)和(he)複(fu)雜(za)性(xing)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)限(xian)製(zhi)了(le)它(ta)的(de)推(tui)廣(guang)應(ying)用(yong)。理(li)解(jie)了(le)這(zhe)些(xie)檢(jian)測(ce)器(qi)的(de)原(yuan)理(li)可(ke)以(yi)幫(bang)助(zhu)我(wo)們(men)在(zai)實(shi)驗(yan)中(zhong)更(geng)好(hao)地(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)和(he)使(shi)用(yong)檢(jian)測(ce)器(qi),更(geng)高(gao)效(xiao)率(lv)地(di)完(wan)成(cheng)檢(jian)測(ce)任(ren)務(wu)。
文章內容來源於網絡,轉載僅為分享知識,如有侵權請聯係刪除。
手機版




