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二 、接種：就jiu是shi將jiang固gu體ti菌jun種zhong或huo液ye體ti菌jun種zhong接jie入ru菌jun棒bang的de過guo程cheng或huo方fang法fa。接jie種zhong的de整zheng個ge過guo程cheng都dou應ying按an無wu菌jun操cao作zuo要yao求qiu進jin行xing。能neng否fou做zuo到dao無wu菌jun操cao作zuo是shi接jie種zhong成cheng敗bai的de關guan鍵jian。接jie種zhong常chang用yong的de方fang法fa為wei接jie種zhong箱xiang和he接jie種zhong室shi接jie種zhong。
2.1 接種箱接種：jiezhongxiangjiezhongshiwoguoguangdanongcunyijiayihuzaipeishiyongjunzuichangyongdejiezhongfangfa。qiquedianshiyicijiezhongshuliangxiao，caozuobubian。yongjiezhongxiangjiezhongqiyuanlihefangfatongjiezhongshidatongxiaoyi，danyouruxiajidianqingzhuyi：①接種箱密閉性一定要好。接種箱的套袖要用不易透氣的二層布料做成。套袖前後要帶有二個鬆緊帶。兩個鬆緊帶之間距離為：18cm左右。②對於舊接種箱要先用水衝洗曬幹再進行一次熏蒸消毒，熏蒸用藥量是常規二倍。新接種箱也應先熏蒸一次。③接種箱盡量放在幹燥、幹淨、密閉性好的房間內。也可將接種箱放入塑料大棚內接種，但塑料大棚一定要幹燥，同時要求大棚提前晾曬並熏蒸消毒一次。
2.2 接種室接種：這(zhe)種(zhong)接(jie)種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)有(you)條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)菇(gu)場(chang)規(gui)模(mo)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)菌(jun)棒(bang)最(zui)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)接(jie)種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)，此(ci)方(fang)法(fa)由(you)於(yu)操(cao)作(zuo)方(fang)便(bian)，接(jie)種(zhong)速(su)度(du)快(kuai)，有(you)取(qu)代(dai)利(li)用(yong)接(jie)種(zhong)箱(xiang)傳(chuan)統(tong)接(jie)種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi)。
2.2.1 對接種室的要求：要求接種室有良好的密閉性和通風性能，地麵、牆壁及天花板光滑便於消毒，接種室周圍環境要求清潔幹淨，接種室最好有紫外線燈和緩衝間。
2.2.2 接種室使用前的處理：xinjiandefangjianzuoweijiezhongshi，zaishiyongqianjiaqiangtongfengbingfangzhiyixieshengshihuikuaixishuishizhiganzao，tongshiyongdunbujiangdimiancaxiganjing。jiujiezhongshizhongxinshiyongshi，yingxianjiangqidasaocaxiganjinghou，zaiyongjiaquanhegaomengsuanjiaanmeilimi10毫升甲醛5g高錳酸鉀進行熏蒸。
2.2.3 菌種挑選與處理：菌(jun)種(zhong)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)前(qian)一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)挑(tiao)選(xuan)及(ji)處(chu)理(li)，這(zhe)點(dian)非(fei)常(chang)重(zhong)要(yao)，也(ye)是(shi)廣(guang)大(da)食(shi)用(yong)菌(jun)栽(zai)培(pei)者(zhe)最(zui)易(yi)忽(hu)視(shi)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)。生(sheng)產(chan)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)，發(fa)菌(jun)期(qi)間(jian)有(you)成(cheng)片(pian)菌(jun)棒(bang)兩(liang)頭(tou)接(jie)種(zhong)處(chu)有(you)雜(za)菌(jun)感(gan)染(ran)。這(zhe)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)十(shi)有(you)八(ba)九(jiu)問(wen)題(ti)出(chu)在(zai)菌(jun)種(zhong)上(shang)。有(you)時(shi)在(zai)接(jie)種(zhong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)菌(jun)種(zhong)有(you)雜(za)菌(jun)，趕(gan)緊(jin)采(cai)取(qu)措(cuo)施(shi)也(ye)為(wei)時(shi)已(yi)晚(wan)。所(suo)以(yi)我(wo)們(men)要(yao)求(qiu)菌(jun)種(zhong)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)前(qian)要(yao)有(you)專(zhuan)人(ren)認(ren)真(zhen)挑(tiao)選(xuan)。挑(tiao)選(xuan)人(ren)員(yuan)一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)有(you)多(duo)年(nian)菌(jun)種(zhong)生(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)驗(yan)，在(zai)光(guang)線(xian)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)地(di)方(fang)進(jin)行(xing)。菌(jun)種(zhong)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)前(qian)要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)處(chu)理(li)，因(yin)在(zai)菌(jun)種(zhong)培(pei)養(yang)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)（大約30天），junzhongbiaomianhuiyouyicenghuichen，erzajunbaozihuifuzhezaihuichenshang。yibanlaijiang，duiguimohuashengchandechangjia，peiyangshineizajunbaozinongdujiaoyibanfangjiangao，tebieshiyongsuliaodaiweijunzhongrongqi，gengshiruci。yinweijunzhongdaidepokouchuhenrongyiganranzajun，daliangzajunbaozihuicongpokouchufeisandaozhenggejunzhongpeiyangshi。chulidefangfashi：先用0.5-1%甲醛水洗去菌種表麵的灰塵，再將菌種浸入3%來蘇爾溶液中幾秒鍾撈出。
2.2.4 熏蒸消毒 ：將滅菌後的菌棒搬運至接種室，再將空氣潔淨器、小板凳、接種用具、塑料周轉框（3-4個）、接種台、灑精燈、huochaidengfangrujiezhongshibiankekaishixunzhengxiaodu。yanwuxiaodujibeidianranhoukexunsuguanbimenchuangbingdakaiziwaixiandeng。tongshiyongyixiaojiezhongxiangjiangjiezhongfujinxingxunzhengxiaodu。jiezhongfuyaozhuanmendingzuo，bunengyongpingchangdebaidagua。
2.2.5 接種：當菌棒溫度降至26℃左右及接種室內煙霧消毒劑的氣味散盡時，接種人員在緩衝間洗手、換鞋、換帽、換衣服後可進入接種室內。先打開空氣潔淨器，然後3-4人一組開始接種。接種時點燃灑精燈，在其上方操作，動作要熟練快捷。一般是一人放種，2-3人解袋綁口。一瓶菌種（500ml）可接種菌棒15個（兩頭接種）。在接種過程中要禁止閑雜人員入內並盡量避免接種人員外出。此外接種人員盡量不要去拌料、發菌場所。生產實踐表明，接種人員應保持穩定，盡量不要換人。
