隨著玉米產量水平的提高，關鍵生育期要求對土壤有效鉀的供應相應增加。許多玉米長期定位試驗的結果證明

，當產量增加10%～20%時(shi)，吸(xi)鉀(jia)量(liang)也(ye)出(chu)現(xian)了(le)相(xiang)應(ying)增(zeng)加(jia)。適(shi)當(dang)提(ti)高(gao)玉(yu)米(mi)植(zhi)株(zhu)組(zu)織(zhi)的(de)含(han)鉀(jia)量(liang)才(cai)能(neng)保(bao)持(chi)穩(wen)定(ding)的(de)高(gao)產(chan)。在(zai)北(bei)方(fang)春(chun)播(bo)玉(yu)米(mi)區(qu)盡(jin)管(guan)土(tu)壤(rang)速(su)效(xiao)鉀(jia)含(han)量(liang)處(chu)於(yu)較(jiao)高(gao)水(shui)平(ping)（如70～130毫克/公斤），施shi用yong鉀jia肥fei仍reng有you增zeng產chan效xiao果guo。特te別bie是shi一yi些xie速su效xiao鉀jia含han量liang中zhong等deng，緩huan效xiao鉀jia的de容rong量liang也ye不bu大da的de土tu壤rang
，就jiu要yao考kao慮lv高gao產chan田tian增zeng施shi鉀jia肥fei。因yin此ci在zai以yi產chan量liang目mu標biao作zuo為wei推tui薦jian施shi鉀jia的de主zhu要yao依yi據ju時shi，對dui有you效xiao鉀jia含han量liang較jiao低di的de土tu壤rang增zeng施shi鉀jia肥fei是shi保bao證zheng高gao產chan的de必bi要yao措cuo施shi。還hai要yao注zhu意yi一yi些xie土tu壤rang有you效xiao鉀jia水shui平ping即ji使shi中zhong等deng時shi
，增zeng施shi適shi量liang鉀jia肥fei也ye有you良liang好hao的de效xiao果guo。

    zengjiazhongzhimiduduixujialiangdeyingxiang。dangqianzajiaoyumigaochanzaipeizhongchangchangtongguozengjiamiduershichanliangdedaodafudutigao
，yucitongshigaomiduzhizhuduinongtiandexijialiangyemingxiantigao。suoyizaimiduzengjiashi，rubuxiangyingzengshijiafeihuotigaoturangjiadeyouxiaoxing，zezuowuyinxijiananyibaozheng，chanliangkenengxiajianghuodabudaolixiangshuiping。danshizengshijiafei5～6公斤/muhou
，chanliangbujiangfaneryousuotigao。youqizaiyouxiaojiahanliangbugaobingyouguangaitiaojiandeyumidikuai。suoyizaiduiyumituijianshifeishi，weileshiyingjiaogaodemiduhechanliangshuiping，shijialiangyaobichangguiliangshidangtigao。

    密植高產玉米栽培中協調鉀肥和氮肥的平衡供應很關鍵。通常情況下，為了實現高產目標而偏多施氮，由此加重了植株對病蟲害如莖腐、根腐、青枯病等的感染率。如果不相應增加鉀肥供應，會形成氮鉀失調的症狀。缺鉀首先減弱了玉米莖、葉ye的de抗kang折zhe強qiang度du和he表biao皮pi厚hou度du，既ji加jia重zhong了le倒dao伏fu的de可ke能neng性xing
，又you提ti高gao了le玉yu米mi對dui蟲chong害hai和he病bing害hai的de敏min感gan性xing。眾zhong所suo周zhou知zhi，在zai營ying養yang元yuan素su中zhong氮dan和he鉀jia對dui玉yu米mi抗kang病bing性xing的de影ying響xiang都dou大da，但dan二er者zhe的de作zuo用yong方fang向xiang不bu同tong，氮dan偏pian多duo往wang往wang會hui增zeng加jia玉yu米mi對dui病bing害hai的de敏min感gan性xing，而er鉀jia的de作zuo用yong則ze相xiang反fan可ke以yi增zeng加jia作zuo物wu的de抗kang病bing性xing。

    田(tian)間(jian)缺(que)鉀(jia)診(zhen)斷(duan)與(yu)追(zhui)肥(fei)補(bu)救(jiu)措(cuo)施(shi)。當(dang)春(chun)玉(yu)米(mi)進(jin)入(ru)拔(ba)節(jie)階(jie)段(duan)，從(cong)小(xiao)喇(la)叭(ba)口(kou)到(dao)大(da)喇(la)叭(ba)口(kou)的(de)生(sheng)育(yu)時(shi)期(qi)是(shi)它(ta)快(kuai)速(su)生(sheng)長(chang)時(shi)期(qi)，對(dui)氮(dan)磷(lin)鉀(jia)要(yao)素(su)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)都(dou)有(you)所(suo)增(zeng)長(chang)
，通(tong)常(chang)在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)習(xi)慣(guan)於(yu)隻(zhi)追(zhui)施(shi)氮(dan)肥(fei)而(er)不(bu)注(zhu)意(yi)追(zhui)施(shi)鉀(jia)肥(fei)。但(dan)是(shi)在(zai)春(chun)玉(yu)米(mi)高(gao)產(chan)密(mi)植(zhi)栽(zai)培(pei)中(zhong)
，到(dao)底(di)需(xu)不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)追(zhui)肥(fei)
，隻(zhi)要(yao)看(kan)一(yi)看(kan)田(tian)間(jian)生(sheng)長(chang)的(de)玉(yu)米(mi)，觀(guan)察(cha)植(zhi)株(zhu)生(sheng)長(chang)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)，就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)得(de)到(dao)回(hui)答(da)。那(na)就(jiu)是(shi)經(jing)常(chang)在(zai)上(shang)午(wu)九(jiu)十(shi)點(dian)鍾(zhong)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)跑(pao)到(dao)玉(yu)米(mi)地(di)看(kan)
，尤(you)其(qi)刮(gua)風(feng)的(de)天(tian)氣(qi)更(geng)要(yao)看(kan)，如(ru)果(guo)看(kan)到(dao)春(chun)玉(yu)米(mi)的(de)葉(ye)片(pian)在(zai)上(shang)午(wu)就(jiu)打(da)蔫(nian)了(le)，那(na)它(ta)就(jiu)是(shi)告(gao)訴(su)你(ni) 我缺鉀了 。yinweiduiyuyibanbujixuguangaidenongtian

，zhengchangjianzhuangdeyumizhizhu，shangwubuhuichuxianyepiandanianxianxiangde
，daozhongwuhouchuxiandanianxianxiangcaishizhengchangde。yinweijiakeyiyingxiangyepianqikongdeguanbihezengjiazhizhubaoshuigongneng。quejiashiqikongzulida，bunengzhengchangguanbi
，daozhiyumitineishuifensunshiyanzhongerchuxiandanianxianxiang。zheshibixuzhuishijiafeijiayibujiu
，zuikexingdecuoshijiushizhuishilvhuajia5～8公斤，溝施或穴施後
，覆土即可。