綿(mian)疫(yi)病(bing)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)爛(lan)果(guo)危(wei)害(hai)下(xia)部(bu)老(lao)果(guo)較(jiao)多(duo)。初(chu)期(qi)出(chu)現(xian)水(shui)浸(jin)狀(zhuang)小(xiao)斑(ban),逐(zhu)漸(jian)擴(kuo)大(da)產(chan)生(sheng)白(bai)色(se)棉(mian)絮(xu)狀(zhuang)菌(jun)絲(si),果(guo)實(shi)內(nei)變(bian)黑(hei),極(ji)易(yi)脫(tuo)落(luo)。病(bing)果(guo)落(luo)地(di)後(hou),遇(yu)潮(chao)濕(shi)全(quan)果(guo)腐(fu)爛(lan)產(chan)生(sheng)白(bai)黴(mei),最(zui)後(hou)幹(gan)縮(suo),成(cheng)為(wei)黑(hei)褐(he)色(se)僵(jiang)果(guo)。發(fa)病(bing)初(chu)期(qi),根(gen)據(ju)病(bing)情(qing)7~10天噴一次25%百菌清可濕性粉劑500倍液,或65%代森鋅可濕性粉劑500倍液,連噴2~3次。
軟ruan腐fu病bing引yin起qi的de爛lan果guo危wei害hai果guo實shi。受shou害hai果guo最zui初chu病bing斑ban呈cheng水shui浸jin狀zhuang暗an綠lv色se,後hou變bian暗an褐he色se,不bu久jiu內nei部bu果guo肉rou腐fu爛lan發fa臭chou。果guo皮pi變bian白bai,失shi水shui後hou幹gan縮suo,遇yu外wai力li脫tuo落luo。發fa病bing初chu期qi噴pen1∶0.5∶200的波爾多液,或新植黴素400倍液防治。
灰hui黴mei病bing引yin起qi的de爛lan果guo以yi青qing果guo染ran病bing較jiao重zhong。病bing部bu呈cheng水shui浸jin狀zhuang,病bing斑ban圓yuan形xing或huo近jin半ban圓yuan形xing,暗an綠lv色se至zhi灰hui白bai色se,變bian軟ruan腐fu爛lan後hou,其qi上shang密mi生sheng綠lv色se黴mei層ceng,病bing斑ban擴kuo展zhan到dao果guo實shi的de1/3~1/2時脫落,全果腐爛幹縮成僵果。可用75%百菌清可濕性粉劑500倍液或50%甲基托布津150克兌水75公斤噴霧。
炭tan疽ju病bing引yin起qi的de爛lan果guo多duo發fa生sheng在zai成cheng熟shu的de果guo實shi上shang,初chu期qi果guo實shi表biao皮pi上shang出chu現xian褐he色se或huo黑hei色se病bing斑ban,並bing呈cheng同tong心xin輪lun紋wen狀zhuang凹ao陷xian,嚴yan重zhong哩li整zheng個ge病bing果guo爛lan掉diao脫tuo落luo。發fa病bing初chu期qi及ji時shi噴pen灑sa80%代森鋅可濕性粉劑500倍液,或50%炭疽福鎂300~400倍液防治。
褐紋病引起的爛果初期為褐色近圓形病斑,稍凹陷,邊緣明顯,病果後期落地軟腐,或留在枝上呈幹腐狀僵果。藥劑防治可用65%福美鋅500倍液噴霧,7~10天噴一次。
早zao疫yi病bing引yin起qi的de爛lan果guo果guo實shi受shou害hai後hou往wang往wang在zai花hua托tuo附fu近jin的de果guo麵mian產chan生sheng橢tuo圓yuan形xing凹ao陷xian斑ban,暗an褐he色se,表biao麵mian產chan生sheng黑hei色se黴mei層ceng,果guo麵mian易yi開kai裂lie,嚴yan重zhong時shi脫tuo落luo。發fa病bing初chu期qi可ke用yong50%撲海因可濕性粉劑1000倍液噴霧,生長期每畝用46%百菌清煙熏劑2.50克在傍晚熏蒸。
晚wan疫yi病bing引yin起qi的de爛lan果guo果guo實shi染ran病bing初chu期qi,果guo麵mian產chan生sheng水shui浸jin狀zhuang暗an綠lv色se近jin圓yuan形xing汙wu斑ban,擴kuo大da後hou中zhong央yang呈cheng暗an褐he色se至zhi棕zong褐he色se,病bing果guo不bu變bian軟ruan,不bu凹ao陷xian,無wu輪lun紋wen,潮chao濕shi時shi,在zai感gan病bing部bu位wei產chan生sheng白bai色se黴mei層ceng。發fa現xian中zhong心xin病bing株zhu後hou,及ji時shi噴pen灑sa25%果霜靈可濕性粉劑500倍液,隔6~7天噴一次,連噴3~4次,遇雨應補噴。
chuangjiabingyinqidelanguoguoshifabingshi,chuqichuxianheisehuoheselongqidexiaodian,huojuyoushuijinzhuangbianyuandepaozhen,houzhujiankuodaweiyuanxinghuochangyuanxingheisechuangjiaban,bianyuanyouliekou,chaoshishiyoujunyeyichu。faxianbingzhuhoujishipenshi30%DT殺菌劑枷倍液,或77%可殺得可濕性粉劑500倍液防治。
日灼病引起的爛果發病原因是局部受熱,溫度過高,灼傷表皮細胞引起的。防治方法主要是合理密植,加強田間管理,促苗早發、早封壟。
臍qi腐fu病bing引yin起qi的de爛lan果guo初chu期qi幼you果guo臍qi部bu呈cheng現xian水shui浸jin狀zhuang病bing斑ban,後hou逐zhu漸jian擴kuo大da,病bing部bu顏yan色se由you暗an綠lv色se變bian為wei暗an褐he色se。引yin起qi臍qi腐fu病bing的de原yuan因yin主zhu要yao是shi水shui分fen供gong應ying失shi調tiao,前qian期qi水shui分fen供gong應ying充chong足zu,後hou期qi缺que水shui造zao成cheng的de。防fang治zhi方fang法fa是shi:保證水分供應均勻,並在早晚進行,掌握的原則是“見濕見幹”,切忌大水漫灌。
手機版




