因冬季修剪、機械損傷、人畜損傷、蟲害、凍害、fenghaidengzaochengdemiaomushangkou，bixujishihuli，yijianshaoshutishuifensunshi，bingfangzhishumushoudong

，bimianbingjunqinran
，cujinshangkouyuhe，yidailainianshushiwangsheng。changyongdewaishangchulifangfayouruxiajizhong：

1.切qie枝zhi。對dui已yi枯ku死si枝zhi條tiao可ke從cong傷shang折zhe處chu附fu近jin鋸ju平ping或huo剪jian去qu，輕qing傷shang枝zhi及ji受shou凍dong害hai和he風feng害hai的de枝zhi條tiao宜yi在zai死si活huo界jie限xian分fen明ming處chu切qie除chu，切qie口kou要yao光guang滑hua。將jiang傷shang口kou處chu理li後hou要yao及ji時shi塗tu刷shua保bao護hu劑ji或huo蠟la，以yi便bian愈yu合he，萌meng發fa新xin梢shao。對dui於yu傷shang口kou較jiao大da的de，一yi般ban在zai果guo枝zhi　　shangkouchuyongsuliaobomochanraojiquan，zhuyikunbangshiyaofengbiyanshi。zhezhongfangfakeyicujinshangkouyuhe，duiguoshufangdongxiaoguoyehenhao。danshi，yujidaolaishi，yaoshidusongbang。

2.guapi。dazhiganchuxianshangkouhuofulanbingdeng
，zaifabingchuqiyingjishiyongkuaidaoguachubingbudeshupi，shenzhimuzhibu。zuihaoguadaojiankangbuwei，kecijishangkouzaoriyuhe。guahouyongmaoshuajunyuntushua75%的酒精或1%～3%的高錳酸鉀溶液，也可塗刷碘酒殺菌消毒，然後塗用火熔化的蠟或塗保護劑(將動物油0.5公斤放入鍋中加熱
，再將鬆香2.5公斤和黃蠟1.5公斤放入
，不斷攪拌至熔化，然後冷卻即成)。

3.budong。dangshangkouyichengshudongshiyingjishixiubu
，yifangshudongjixukuoda。shouxianjiangdongneifulanbufenchediqingchu
，qudiaodongkoubianyuandehuaisizuzhi
，yongyaoxiaodu，bingyongshuinihexiaoshiliaoan1∶3的比例混合後填充。對小樹洞可用木樁釘楔填平或用瀝青混以30%的鋸末堵塞
，也有良好的效果。

4.bangdiao。duibeidafengchuiliehuozheshangjiaoqingdezhigan
，kebabanpiliezhitiaodiaoqihuodingqi，yihuifuyuanzhuang。qinglishangkouzawu，yongshenghuotiesikunjinhuoyongmubantaozhukunzha，shiliekoumihewufeng，zaizaiwaimianyongsuliaobomobaoyan，bannianhoukejiebang。

5.殺蟲。有的苗木枝幹受吉丁蟲、天牛危害留下許多蟲孔，並有排泄物。可用快刀把被害處的粗皮刮掉，刮後塗上100倍液40%deyanghualeguo
，jiarushaoliangmeiyoukedushayouchong。jiangguachudeshangkoujishitushangbaohujihuotula，yicushishangkouyuhe。duiyujiaoshenchudezhuganhaichongyiyongmianhuahuopobuzhan80%的敵敵畏100倍液塞入蟲孔內毒殺幼蟲。也可將上述藥劑稀釋數倍後，用注射器注入蟲孔內，並用濕泥封堵蟲孔
，都可以收到很好的防治效果。