軟ruan腐fu病bing病bing菌jun殘can存cun於yu土tu中zhong越yue冬dong,通tong過guo植zhi株zhu傷shang口kou侵qin入ru引yin起qi發fa病bing,自zi然ran傷shang口kou或huo蟲chong咬yao傷shang口kou是shi病bing菌jun侵qin入ru的de主zhu要yao途tu徑jing。狂kuang風feng暴bao雨yu易yi造zao成cheng傷shang口kou,有you利li於yu病bing菌jun侵qin染ran,流liu水shui能neng傳chuan播bo病bing菌jun,雨yu水shui多duo的de年nian份fen發fa生sheng重zhong。蟲chong害hai嚴yan重zhong,傷shang口kou多duo,此ci病bing也ye重zhong。氮dan肥fei施shi用yong過guo多duo,植zhi株zhu脆cui嫩nen多duo汁zhi,傷shang口kou不bu易yi愈yu合he,也ye易yi誘you發fa此ci病bing。
防fang治zhi該gai病bing,重zhong點dian應ying采cai取qu農nong業ye措cuo施shi。一yi是shi選xuan用yong抗kang病bing品pin種zhong,一yi般ban青qing幫bang品pin種zhong較jiao抗kang病bing。二er是shi加jia強qiang栽zai培pei管guan理li,改gai平ping畦qi種zhong植zhi為wei壟long作zuo,避bi免mian降jiang雨yu後hou植zhi株zhu浸jin在zai水shui裏li;改育苗移栽為直播,減少傷口;多施腐熟有機肥和磷鉀肥,培育壯苗。不要大水漫灌,雨後及時排水降低田間濕度。三是實行輪作,重病地塊應與禾本科作物或蔥、蒜類蔬菜輪作,避免與茄科、瓜類及其他十字花科蔬菜輪作。四是及時治蟲。播種前或苗期用辛硫磷等農藥拌土穴施或條施,防治金針蟲、螻蛄、蠐螬等地下害蟲。苗期用阿維菌素等藥劑防治菜青蟲、甜菜夜蛾、小菜蛾等食葉害蟲。五是用農用鏈黴素和代森錳鋅防治此病。
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