棚(peng)室(shi)蔬(shu)菜(cai)因(yin)有(you)保(bao)護(hu)設(she)施(shi)，土(tu)壤(rang)得(de)不(bu)到(dao)雨(yu)水(shui)的(de)充(chong)分(fen)淋(lin)洗(xi)，肥(fei)料(liao)不(bu)易(yi)淋(lin)失(shi)，所(suo)以(yi)過(guo)量(liang)施(shi)用(yong)化(hua)肥(fei)極(ji)易(yi)引(yin)起(qi)鹽(yan)分(fen)在(zai)土(tu)壤(rang)表(biao)層(ceng)聚(ju)集(ji)，輕(qing)則(ze)影(ying)響(xiang)蔬(shu)菜(cai)生(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育(yu)，重(zhong)則(ze)導(dao)致(zhi)土(tu)壤(rang)次(ci)生(sheng)鹽(yan)漬(zi)化(hua)。因(yin)此(ci)，施(shi)肥(fei)前(qian)要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)土(tu)壤(rang)養(yang)分(fen)診(zhen)斷(duan)，指(zhi)定(ding)出(chu)合(he)理(li)的(de)配(pei)方(fang)施(shi)肥(fei)方(fang)案(an)，防(fang)止(zhi)盲(mang)目(mu)過(guo)量(liang)施(shi)用(yong)速(su)效(xiao)肥(fei)料(liao)。

二
、注意增施鉀肥

gualeiheqieguoleishucaishiyongjiafeiyoumingxiandezengchanxiaoguo，zheshiyinweisuizhepengshishucailiannianpianshidanlinleihuafei，zhishituranggongjianenglisuizhezhongzhinianxiandezengchangjishucaichanliangdetigaoerzhujianjianruo。jushiyan，pengshihuangguamubushiyanghuajia7.5公(gong)斤(jin)，表(biao)現(xian)出(chu)莖(jing)稈(gan)粗(cu)壯(zhuang)，葉(ye)片(pian)鮮(xian)綠(lv)肥(fei)厚(hou)，瓜(gua)條(tiao)順(shun)直(zhi)，冬(dong)季(ji)大(da)白(bai)菜(cai)施(shi)肥(fei)技(ji)術(shu)產(chan)量(liang)和(he)品(pin)質(zhi)都(dou)有(you)明(ming)顯(xian)提(ti)高(gao)。應(ying)注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)是(shi)，選(xuan)用(yong)鉀(jia)肥(fei)品(pin)種(zhong)時(shi)最(zui)好(hao)不(bu)用(yong)氯(lv)化(hua)鉀(jia)，以(yi)免(mian)土(tu)壤(rang)鹽(yan)漬(zi)化(hua)。

三、追肥要少量多次

shucaishixufeijiaoduodezuowu，chushizudifeiwai，haixujinxingzhuifei
，zhuifeishiyidingyaozhangwoshaoliangduocideshifeifangfa
，zheyangyikefangzhiyangfenliushi，erkechongfenfahuifeixiao，tigaofeiliaodeliyonglv。

四、微肥缺啥補啥

蔬shu菜cai對dui微wei量liang元yuan素su需xu要yao量liang雖sui少shao，但dan微wei肥fei在zai蔬shu菜cai體ti內nei卻que是shi參can與yu生sheng理li作zuo用yong不bu可ke缺que少shao的de養yang分fen，如ru果guo土tu壤rang中zhong微wei量liang元yuan素su供gong應ying不bu足zu，蔬shu菜cai就jiu會hui出chu現xian不bu同tong的de缺que素su症zheng狀zhuang，產chan量liang降jiang低di，品pin質zhi下xia降jiang、相xiang反fan如ru果guo土tu壤rang中zhong的de微wei量liang元yuan素su含han量liang過guo多duo，又you會hui引yin起qi蔬shu菜cai中zhong毒du現xian象xiang
，同tong樣yang會hui造zao成cheng減jian產chan和he降jiang低di品pin質zhi
，因yin此ci
，補bu施shi微wei肥fei必bi須xu根gen據ju土tu壤rang化hua驗yan結jie果guo及ji蔬shu菜cai缺que素su現xian象xiang
，本ben著zhe缺que啥sha補bu啥sha的de原yuan則ze進jin行xing施shi肥fei。

五
、根外追肥要準確

葉ye麵mian噴pen肥fei一yi是shi方fang法fa簡jian單dan
，省sheng工gong省sheng時shi，二er是shi可ke避bi免mian因yin澆jiao水shui過guo多duo造zao成cheng土tu壤rang濕shi度du過guo大da從cong而er致zhi使shi蔬shu菜cai感gan病bing率lv增zeng加jia，三san是shi可ke快kuai速su補bu充chong養yang分fen，但dan在zai生sheng產chan中zhong一yi定ding要yao把ba握wo好hao施shi用yong濃nong度du，否fou則ze易yi產chan生sheng肥fei害hai“燒傷”葉片，一般葉麵噴肥應掌握濃度是：尿素1%、磷酸二氫鉀0.2~0.5%、磷酸二銨1%
、硫酸鋅0.1~0.2%、硫酸錳0.1~0.2%、硼砂0.1~0.2%、鉬酸銨0.05~0.1%
、硫酸銅0.02~0.2%、硫酸亞鐵0.2~1%.