毛mao細xi線xian蟲chong病bing是shi黃huang鱔shan養yang殖zhi中zhong常chang見jian疾ji病bing之zhi一yi。在zai高gao密mi度du養yang殖zhi條tiao件jian下xia,此ci病bing發fa生sheng較jiao為wei頻pin繁fan,黃huang鱔shan群qun體ti感gan染ran率lv高gao。病bing鱔shan輕qing則ze消xiao瘦shou滯zhi長chang,重zhong則ze大da量liang死si亡wang,從cong而er導dao致zhi養yang殖zhi失shi敗bai。
1、病症與病原
症(zheng)狀(zhuang)在(zai)養(yang)殖(zhi)水(shui)體(ti)中(zhong),病(bing)鱔(shan)或(huo)竄(cuan)遊(you)不(bu)安(an),或(huo)將(jiang)頭(tou)胸(xiong)部(bu)伸(shen)出(chu)水(shui)麵(mian)作(zuo)劇(ju)烈(lie)抖(dou)動(dong)。若(ruo)把(ba)病(bing)鱔(shan)撈(lao)出(chu)水(shui)體(ti),放(fang)在(zai)無(wu)水(shui)容(rong)器(qi)中(zhong),可(ke)見(jian)病(bing)鱔(shan)不(bu)停(ting)地(di)作(zuo)掙(zheng)紮(zha)性(xing)滾(gun)動(dong);yongshouwozhubingshan,kejianshantiniuquchandong,tongshishantiyouzhenfaxingjiangtingzhigan。bingshanwaiguantibiaoshouruo,yanzhongzhegangmenhongzhong,gangmenkouliemingxianzengda。qiekaishanfu,kejianchangbiwaiguanchenghongsehuozihongse,changneiduowushier。zhenduanjiepoubingshanchangdao,kejianchangneibiyoubaisechongtijisheng,shaoze3~5個,多則數十個。蟲體乳白色,鏡檢可見其頭部尖細,尾部鈍圓,蟲體體長大致為5~10毫(hao)米(mi)不(bu)等(deng),此(ci)即(ji)為(wei)毛(mao)細(xi)線(xian)蟲(chong)。筆(bi)者(zhe)在(zai)診(zhen)斷(duan)中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian),凡(fan)蟲(chong)體(ti)寄(ji)生(sheng)量(liang)較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)病(bing)鱔(shan),常(chang)形(xing)成(cheng)腸(chang)梗(geng)阻(zu)或(huo)腸(chang)穿(chuan)孔(kong),同(tong)時(shi)腸(chang)道(dao)內(nei)壁(bi)粘(zhan)膜(mo)脫(tuo)落(luo),腸(chang)壁(bi)毛(mao)細(xi)血(xue)管(guan)嚴(yan)重(zhong)充(chong)血(xue),即(ji)伴(ban)有(you)腸(chang)道(dao)炎(yan)症(zheng)的(de)並(bing)發(fa)。
2、流行與病因
流行情況每年6~9月yue是shi黃huang鱔shan毛mao細xi線xian蟲chong病bing的de旺wang發fa季ji節jie,一yi般ban以yi高gao密mi度du靜jing水shui養yang殖zhi的de土tu質zhi鱔shan池chi發fa病bing居ju多duo,而er流liu水shui養yang殖zhi的de水shui泥ni池chi或huo磚zhuan質zhi鱔shan池chi發fa病bing較jiao少shao。病bing原yuan體ti為wei卵luan生sheng,在zai適shi溫wen(28~32℃)水體中,蟲卵經6~7天即發育成成蟲,由於成蟲通常不出殼,被黃鱔誤食後感染。成蟲在鱔體內營寄生生活,其卵可隨鱔魚糞便排至水中(或直接在黃鱔腸道內孵化成成蟲),繼而發育成成蟲,再寄生於健康鱔體內。
致病原因發病的原因主要有二個:一是鱔池(特別是連續多年養鱔的土池)沒有清塘或藥物清塘不徹底,病原蟄伏池內,待機而起,侵入鱔體;ershiyouyushanzhonglaiyuanbuyiyangzhizhezaishougoushanzhongshi,weijingxintiaoxuan,ruchishanzhongyouxiedaibingyuandexianxiang,zaishiyitiaojianxia,bingyuantidayuanfanzhi,weihaishanyu。zaiyangzhitiaojianxia,shanzhongfangyangmidugao,shanchizaiyuliangda,yinershanqunganranlvjiaogao,qieganransudujiaokuai。
3、預防與治療
(1)預防措施
①冬季幹塘,曝曬池底、池壁,鱔種放養前,每立方米鱔池用200克生石灰徹底清塘,以殺死原塘病原。
②流行季節,用0.3毫克/升的晶體敵百蟲潑灑全池,每月1~2次。
③放養鱔種時,嚴格挑選,遇有異常症狀鱔種,不入池。
(2)治療方法
①該病初發時,可用20毫克/升生石灰消毒池水,殺滅蟲卵;
②發病鱔池,用獸用敵百蟲片(0.5克/片)研細泡水後與飼料(鮮蚯蚓糊或人工配合飼料等)混和,藥料比為1:1000,藥餌做成粒狀或小團狀,定點投喂,連喂3~5天。也可按每公斤鱔日用0.1~0.15克90%晶體敵百蟲拌餌投喂;
③大麵積發病時,配合內服藥餌,可用0.7毫克/升的90%晶體敵百蟲全池潑灑,用藥後隔天徹底換水。
手機版




