一、無公害農產品標誌的內涵
(一)標誌是形象無公害農產品標誌是由兩個大的方麵因子構成。一個是文字與圖案,另一個是色彩與圖型。從直觀的圖型、圖案、色彩和文字可以清晰地感受到無公害農產品標誌寓意深刻。主體是由麥穗、對(dui)勾(gou)和(he)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin),字(zi)樣(yang)組(zu)成(cheng),色(se)調(tiao)由(you)綠(lv)色(se)和(he)橙(cheng)色(se)組(zu)成(cheng)。麥(mai)穗(sui)代(dai)表(biao)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin),對(dui)勾(gou)表(biao)示(shi)合(he)格(ge),橙(cheng)色(se)寓(yu)意(yi)成(cheng)熟(shu)和(he)豐(feng)收(shou),綠(lv)色(se)象(xiang)征(zheng)環(huan)保(bao)和(he)安(an)全(quan)。
(二)biaozhishifangxiangbiaozhigeirenyizoushihequshi,shinongchanpinshengchanhexiaofeizhuiqiudemude。biaozhidexingzhuangjiegou,biaodalewugonghainongchanpinzhuiqiudeshiyihuankouyihuan,yibujingenyibu,tongshishiyigewanzhengdexunhuanti;標(biao)誌(zhi)的(de)色(se)調(tiao)與(yu)搭(da)配(pei),表(biao)達(da)了(le)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)是(shi)綠(lv)色(se)的(de)產(chan)物(wu),是(shi)環(huan)境(jing)和(he)諧(xie)的(de)產(chan)物(wu),是(shi)具(ju)有(you)生(sheng)命(ming)活(huo)力(li)的(de)產(chan)物(wu)。整(zheng)個(ge)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi),反(fan)映(ying)了(le)人(ren)們(men)追(zhui)求(qiu)生(sheng)態(tai)平(ping)衡(heng),向(xiang)往(wang)人(ren)與(yu)自(zi)然(ran)協(xie)調(tiao)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)願(yuan)望(wang),是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)源(yuan)於(yu)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)者(zhe)和(he)消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)的(de)內(nei)心(xin)需(xu)求(qiu)、潛在動力。
(三)標誌是旗幟旗幟是標杆,是標記;qizhishiyinlingchaoliuheshichangxuqiudefengbiao。wugonghainongchanpinbiaozhi,shianquannongchanpindebiaoji,shihegenongchanpindexiangzheng,geirenyizhongqiangliedeshichangxinhao,fazhanwugonghaishinongchanpindegenbenchulu,shixiaofeizhedezuijibenyaoqiu,shishengchanguanlidezuiqimadetiaojian。shengchanwugonghai,shiyushijujindebiaoxian,shishunyingshidaifazhandemingzhizhixuan,shixiandainongyedebiyouzhilu。zaizhenggenongchanpingongqiujibenpinghengdedabeijingxia,weiyoufazhanwugonghai,baozhengwugonghai,shengchandenongchanpincaiyoushichang,shengchandexingweifangkechanshengxiaoyi。shuodaodi,wugonghainongchanpinbiaozhi,jiushinongchanpinhuodeshichangzhunrendeyouxiaozhengminghebiaoshi。
(四)標誌是結果標誌是對農產品標準化生產行為的一個濃縮,猶如畫龍點睛。無公害農產品認證及標誌,是“無公害食品行動計劃”實施成效的一種總結和評判方式,是檢驗“無公害食品行動計劃”各項推進措施的一個衡量標準。獲得無公害農產品標誌,就表明已通過無公害農產品認證,證明產品,生產的全過程包括產地環境、農業投入品,使用、shengchandecaozuoguochenghezuizhongchanpin,zhiliangfuheguojiayouguanbiaozhunhejishuguifanyaoqiu,shizhidexinlaihetuichongdechanpin。keyishuo,wugonghainongchanpindebiaozhi,shiduinongchanpinsanchanbiaozhunhuaxingweideyigezonghepingjia,shiduinongchanpinshengchanguocheng、生產行為的一個全麵總結和表達結果。
(五)標(biao)誌(zhi)是(shi)權(quan)威(wei)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)有(you)別(bie)於(yu)一(yi)般(ban)性(xing)質(zhi)的(de)認(ren)證(zheng)。說(shuo)得(de)透(tou)徹(che)一(yi)點(dian),無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)不(bu)是(shi)真(zhen)正(zheng)意(yi)義(yi)上(shang)的(de)認(ren)證(zheng),而(er)是(shi)實(shi)實(shi)在(zai)在(zai)的(de)行(xing)政(zheng)審(shen)批(pi)。認(ren)證(zheng)行(xing)為(wei)由(you)部(bu)長(chang)令(ling)設(she)置(zhi),認(ren)證(zheng)結(jie)果(guo)由(you)農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)公(gong)布(bu)。但(dan)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)又(you)確(que)實(shi)借(jie)鑒(jian)了(le)認(ren)證(zheng)的(de)通(tong)行(xing)做(zuo)法(fa),力(li)求(qiu)行(xing)為(wei)科(ke)學(xue)、guifanhetongyi。wugonghainongchanpinbiaozhi,shiyigefeichangteshudebiaozhi,shinongyebuheguojiarenjianweiweiquebaonongchanpindewugonghaishengchanhexiaofei,lianhetuichudeyizhongzhilianganquanzhengmingxingbiaoshi,shizhengfuduinongchanpinzhilianganquanshuipingjinxingxingzhengxingdanbaodezhengmingbiaozhi。yingdangshuowugonghainongchanpinbiaozhijuyouyushengjulaidequanweixing。
(六)標biao誌zhi是shi力li量liang標biao誌zhi給gei人ren以yi醒xing目mu,給gei人ren以yi振zhen奮fen和he前qian進jin的de動dong力li。無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin標biao誌zhi,是shi農nong產chan品pin生sheng產chan者zhe生sheng產chan合he格ge農nong產chan品pin的de無wu形xing推tui動dong力li和he促cu進jin力li,是shi推tui進jin安an全quan農nong產chan品pin市shi場chang消xiao費fei的de源yuan動dong力li和he拉la動dong力li,是shi管guan理li者zhe依yi法fa行xing政zheng和he促cu進jin產chan業ye技ji術shu進jin步bu的de向xiang心xin力li和he凝ning聚ju力li。標biao誌zhi讓rang人ren信xin賴lai,讓rang人ren追zhui求qiu,使shi人ren興xing奮fen和he為wei之zhi奮fen鬥dou。標biao誌zhi是shi農nong產chan品pin生sheng產chan者zhe追zhui逐zhu的de目mu標biao,是shi消xiao費fei者zhe選xuan購gou的de向xiang導dao。
二、無公害農產品標誌的外延
(一)標誌是行動計劃的體現實施“無公害食品行動計劃”,一個最為直接的目的就是力爭用5年左右時間基.本實現農產品的無公害生產和消費。什麼樣的農產品才算是無公害的呢?這是人們最為關心和關注的。“無公害食品行動計劃”從啟動之初,就設定了無公害的標準和邊界,也就是保證大眾消費安全的合格農產品。同時對無公害農產品的生產設定了5個關鍵的環節,即潔淨的產地、優質安全的投人品、標準化的生產過程、衛生安全的分級包裝、嚴格的產品檢測。為了對規範的生產行為有一個客觀評價,給消費者一個明白的認知方式,在“無公害食品行動計劃”實施方案中設置了一個推進措施,也就是無公害農產品認證。無公害農產品標誌是無公害農產品認證的外在特征和表現形式,是“無公害食品行動計劃”實施成效的一個集中體現。
(二)biaozhishirenzhengzhidudezhanxiancongbiaozhijiegoushangkan,zhenggebiaozhifenweidaxiaolianggewanzhengdeyuan。neiyuanxiangzhengdeshichandirending,tuchushengchanguochengkongzhi,mianduideshilvsedetianyehechengshudemaisui(即農產品),要yao求qiu的de是shi對dui其qi整zheng個ge生sheng產chan過guo程cheng做zuo出chu評ping判pan是shi否fou合he格ge,並bing用yong對dui勾gou予yu以yi表biao達da。這zhe種zhong要yao求qiu落luo實shi到dao無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin產chan地di認ren定ding上shang,表biao現xian在zai無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin產chan地di認ren定ding證zheng書shu上shang,全quan國guo統tong一yi使shi用yong的de無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin產chan地di認ren定ding證zheng書shu上shang的de標biao誌zhi就jiu是shi無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin標biao誌zhi的de內nei圓yuan標biao誌zhi,也ye是shi無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin標biao誌zhi的de核he心xin部bu分fen。這zhe種zhong結jie構gou和he無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin認ren證zheng的de製zhi度du安an排pai是shi相xiang一yi致zhi的de,產chan地di認ren定ding是shi產chan品pin認ren證zheng的de基ji礎chu和he關guan鍵jian環huan節jie。外wai圓yuan包bao含han的de意yi義yi是shi在zai產chan地di認ren定ding的de基ji礎chu上shang,重zhong在zai確que認ren是shi否fou為wei“無公害農產品”6個(ge)字(zi),並(bing)隨(sui)之(zhi)畫(hua)上(shang)一(yi)個(ge)大(da)大(da)的(de)圓(yuan)滿(man)的(de)圓(yuan)圈(quan),形(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)個(ge)整(zheng)體(ti),構(gou)成(cheng)了(le)完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)標(biao)誌(zhi)。應(ying)當(dang)說(shuo),無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi)比(bi)較(jiao)好(hao)地(di)體(ti)現(xian)了(le)認(ren)證(zheng)製(zhi)度(du)中(zhong)產(chan)地(di)認(ren)定(ding)與(yu)產(chan)品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)的(de)有(you)機(ji)結(jie)合(he)。
(三)標誌是生產過程的再現從標誌圖中可以看出,成熟的麥穗(農產品)來源於綠色的田野,合格的評判基於生產的全過程和對成熟的農產品的綜合評價。標誌的重心是綠色的背景、綠色的生產過程和認可的成熟的農產品。可以說無公害農產品標誌比較形象地再現了無公害農產品來自於潔淨的產地、規範的生產行為和合格的終端產品。
(四)biaozhishizerenzhutidebiaoxianbiaozhixiabanbudebanyuanxingxianduan,keguanshangdaibiaoleshengchanzhe,biaomingshijichu,zhichengzhezhenggeneiyuan,shiwugonghainongchanpinshengchandeguanjian。ruocongbiaozhideneiyuanfenliangkan,chandirendingzeshizhongtou,zhanjuzhezhenggebiaozhidehexinbufen,erqiehegeyufoudeguanjianzaichandirendinghuanjie。congbiaozhituzhongkeyiqingchudikandao,“無公害農產品”6個(ge)字(zi)是(shi)建(jian)立(li)在(zai)認(ren)證(zheng)申(shen)請(qing)和(he)產(chan)地(di)認(ren)定(ding)合(he)格(ge)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)的(de)命(ming)名(ming),是(shi)各(ge)專(zhuan)業(ye)認(ren)證(zheng)分(fen)中(zhong)心(xin)審(shen)核(he)的(de)重(zhong)點(dian)和(he)認(ren)證(zheng)得(de)出(chu)的(de)基(ji)本(ben)結(jie)論(lun)。無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi)的(de)外(wai)圓(yuan)可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)代(dai)表(biao)的(de)是(shi)農(nong)業(ye)部(bu)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)中(zhong)心(xin),是(shi)對(dui)前(qian)麵(mian)所(suo)有(you)環(huan)節(jie)的(de)一(yi)個(ge)圈(quan)點(dian)認(ren)可(ke),最(zui)終(zhong)評(ping)審(shen)確(que)認(ren)為(wei)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin),準(zhun)許(xu)使(shi)用(yong)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi)。從(cong)某(mou)種(zhong)意(yi)義(yi)上(shang)講(jiang),無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi)代(dai)表(biao)了(le)認(ren)證(zheng)3個環節各自的行為主體和工作的側重點。
三、標誌蘊含的理論基礎
(一)形態學原理標誌的綠色、橙(黃)色、對勾與“無公害農產品”6個(ge)字(zi),給(gei)人(ren)一(yi)種(zhong)直(zhi)觀(guan)的(de)感(gan)覺(jiao),加(jia)貼(tie)有(you)這(zhe)種(zhong)標(biao)識(shi)的(de)產(chan)品(pin),一(yi)看(kan)便(bian)知(zhi)是(shi)安(an)全(quan)的(de),是(shi)合(he)格(ge)的(de),是(shi)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)的(de)。整(zheng)個(ge)標(biao)誌(zhi)簡(jian)潔(jie)醒(xing)目(mu),過(guo)而(er)不(bu)忘(wang),記(ji)憶(yi)持(chi)久(jiu),回(hui)味(wei)無(wu)窮(qiong),使(shi)人(ren)立(li)刻(ke)產(chan)生(sheng)聯(lian)想(xiang),並(bing)有(you)積(ji)極(ji)的(de)、主動的參與和推動的心理需求與欲望。標誌設計符合形態學原理的通行特征,同時也正是運用了形態學原理。
(二)結jie構gou學xue原yuan理li標biao誌zhi采cai用yong的de同tong心xin圓yuan點dian內nei外wai結jie構gou,總zong的de感gan覺jiao是shi堅jian不bu可ke摧cui,持chi久jiu永yong恒heng。與yu此ci同tong時shi內nei外wai圓yuan周zhou結jie構gou充chong分fen表biao達da了le認ren證zheng的de各ge個ge環huan節jie都dou有you一yi個ge共gong同tong的de圓yuan心xin點dian,那na就jiu是shi保bao證zheng產chan品pin的de安an全quan;但dan又you有you各ge自zi的de工gong作zuo半ban徑jing,各ge個ge環huan節jie,各ge有you側ce重zhong。同tong時shi從cong結jie構gou學xue上shang比bi較jiao好hao地di反fan映ying了le同tong圓yuan心xin的de圓yuan柱zhu體ti結jie構gou運yun動dong時shi阻zu力li最zui小xiao,有you利li於yu推tui動dong其qi向xiang前qian發fa展zhan。從cong無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin標biao誌zhi圖tu型xing結jie構gou也ye充chong分fen說shuo明ming生sheng產chan無wu公gong害hai農nong產chan品pin應ying當dang是shi比bi較jiao容rong易yi的de,隻zhi要yao各ge個ge環huan節jie認ren真zhen去qu做zuo,用yong心xin去qu做zuo,有you目mu的de去qu做zuo,就jiu能neng夠gou做zuo到dao和he實shi現xian。
(三)心理學原理標誌的綠、橙兩色,很容易使人馬上聯想到道路上的交通信號燈。綠色表示的是安全,可以通過;橙色類似黃色是警示的意思。隻要已進入黃色線交警認可(對勾)即(ji)可(ke)繼(ji)續(xu)通(tong)行(xing)。無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi)正(zheng)是(shi)借(jie)用(yong)了(le)人(ren)們(men)對(dui)交(jiao)通(tong)信(xin)號(hao)燈(deng)的(de)潛(qian)意(yi)識(shi)反(fan)應(ying),一(yi)種(zhong)心(xin)理(li)行(xing)為(wei)。給(gei)人(ren)一(yi)種(zhong)醒(xing)目(mu)的(de)心(xin)理(li)反(fan)應(ying),非(fei)常(chang)鮮(xian)明(ming)地(di)傳(chuan)遞(di)出(chu)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)是(shi)綠(lv)色(se)的(de),是(shi)安(an)全(quan)的(de),但(dan)也(ye)是(shi)需(xu)要(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)的(de),也(ye)是(shi)有(you)警(jing)示(shi)因(yin)子(zi)的(de),需(xu)要(yao)提(ti)高(gao)防(fang)患(huan)意(yi)識(shi)。從(cong)色(se)彩(cai)上(shang),比(bi)較(jiao)好(hao)地(di)告(gao)訴(su)了(le)廣(guang)大(da)消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe),無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)是(shi)有(you)保(bao)障(zhang)的(de),但(dan)也(ye)不(bu)等(deng)於(yu)無(wu)農(nong)藥(yao)殘(can)留(liu)、獸藥殘留,隻是這些危害因素都是在國家標準規定的範圍內,可以放行,準予上市,放心食用。
(四)中zhong醫yi理li論lun從cong標biao誌zhi圖tu案an的de結jie構gou可ke以yi看kan出chu,表biao示shi合he格ge認ren可ke的de對dui勾gou處chu於yu整zheng個ge圖tu案an的de中zhong心xin位wei置zhi,表biao明ming解jie決jue農nong產chan品pin質zhi量liang安an全quan的de關guan鍵jian在zai於yu攻gong其qi心xin,核he心xin部bu位wei攻gong克ke了le,問wen題ti的de難nan點dian就jiu好hao解jie決jue了le,由you裏li及ji表biao,逐zhu環huan突tu破po,逐zhu項xiang整zheng治zhi,實shi行xing康kang複fu療liao法fa,直zhi到dao完wan全quan達da標biao,畫hua上shang圓yuan滿man的de句ju號hao為wei止zhi,也ye就jiu是shi標biao誌zhi的de外wai圓yuan。可ke以yi說shuo標biao誌zhi的de設she計ji和he版ban麵mian結jie構gou,比bi較jiao好hao地di運yun用yong了le中zhong醫yi理li論lun:治病先攻心,由裏及表的治療方略。
(五)fengxianliluncongzhenggebiaozhituankan,hegeduigoushizaibutoumingdelvsebeijingxiazuochude,erqieshiduichengshudenongchanpindeyizhongrenke,qilvseerbutoumingbeijingxiayunzangzhedehenkenengshiyizhongfengxian,xuzaichandirendinghuanjieyanjiajianguan,yaojinkenengditouguobeijingzhuisuguocheng,jiangdifengxian。congbiaozhideneiwaiyuanjiegouyekeyikanchu,neiyuanyuzhonghuan(即標誌下半部半圓線段和“無公害農產品”6個字組成的環形)、中環與外圓之間都有一定的間距。3個同心圓間的距離也寓示著認證的3個環節(即省級承辦機構、專業認證分中心、農業部農產品質量安全中心),由於地理和工作上的分工原因都有一定的距離,在3個環節之間也可能存在空檔和間隙,自然也就存在著一定的風險。貫通3個環節之間的聯係,充分利用3個圓的圓周率相等(認證標準不變)、遵循的程序相同(共同的認證行為準則),而隻是工作的半徑不同(重點不同)的特征,緊密協調3個環節,圍繞共同的圓心(即保證農產品安全)進行工作。從標誌圖型可以透視出,無公害農產品認證工作隻有樹立全國“一盤棋”的思路,係統上下協調配合,堅持認證的“五統一”(統一標準、統一程序、統一標誌、統一監督、統一管理),才能最大限度地降低認證風險,增強認證的有效性,提高認證的權威性。
四、標誌的價值與管理
(一)biaozhidejiazhiwugonghainongchanpinbiaozhishizhongguonongchanpinzhilianganquanfangmiandeyigeguanlipinpai,shiquanguonongyexitongzhilianganquanguanligongzuodeyigegongtongmubiao,baozhengnongchanpinxiaofeianquan,cujinnongchanpinwugonghaishengchan,chongfentixianlezhizhengweimin。yucitongshi,wugonghainongchanpinbiaozhi,weinongchanpindeshengchanzhe、消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)和(he)管(guan)理(li)者(zhe)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)互(hu)動(dong)界(jie)麵(mian),確(que)立(li)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)共(gong)同(tong)追(zhui)求(qiu)的(de)目(mu)標(biao)值(zhi)。進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)說(shuo),無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi)是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)載(zai)體(ti),為(wei)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)執(zhi)法(fa)監(jian)督(du)和(he)市(shi)場(chang)準(zhun)入(ru)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)依(yi)據(ju),同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)是(shi)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)最(zui)為(wei)直(zhi)接(jie)的(de)表(biao)現(xian)形(xing)式(shi)和(he)表(biao)達(da)方(fang)式(shi)。
(二)biaozhideguanliwugonghainongchanpinbiaozhizuoweiyigegonggongpinpai,yaocaiquyouxiaocuoshiweihuqiquanweixing,yanjiaguanli。yishiyaojiaqiangduibiaozhidexuanchuan,shizhijiayuhuxiao,renrenjiezhi;二是要提高認證農產品的標誌加貼率,發揮標誌在質量安全管理方麵的保證作用;三是要健全標誌的查詢係統,使其成為農產品質量安全的重要信息平台;四是要強化標誌的市場監督檢查,確保標誌使用的正確性和真實性;五是要完善標誌的印刷、發行係統,努力做到印製規範、發行快捷;六是要建立標誌的防偽係統,嚴厲打擊假冒標誌的違規行為。
總而言之,無公害農產品標誌作為內涵豐富、寓(yu)意(yi)深(shen)刻(ke)的(de)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)安(an)全(quan)品(pin)牌(pai),一(yi)種(zhong)無(wu)形(xing)的(de)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)推(tui)動(dong)力(li),需(xu)要(yao)社(she)會(hui)各(ge)個(ge)方(fang)麵(mian)共(gong)同(tong)培(pei)育(yu),聯(lian)合(he)打(da)造(zao),精(jing)心(xin)維(wei)護(hu)。從(cong)現(xian)實(shi)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)看(kan),要(yao)盡(jin)快(kuai)將(jiang)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)標(biao)誌(zhi)真(zhen)正(zheng)培(pei)育(yu)塑(su)造(zao)成(cheng)為(wei)廣(guang)大(da)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)者(zhe)追(zhui)求(qiu)的(de)標(biao)的(de)、消費者選購的平台、政府管理的抓手。
手機版





