一(yi)台(tai)分(fen)析(xi)天(tian)平(ping)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)之(zhi)前(qian)，首(shou)先(xian)要(yao)確(que)認(ren)它(ta)的(de)正(zheng)確(que)性(xing)是(shi)否(fou)合(he)格(ge)，否(fou)則(ze)該(gai)天(tian)平(ping)所(suo)稱(cheng)量(liang)的(de)正(zheng)確(que)性(xing)得(de)不(bu)到(dao)保(bao)證(zheng)。分(fen)析(xi)天(tian)平(ping)從(cong)首(shou)次(ci)使(shi)用(yong)起(qi)，應(ying)對(dui)其(qi)定(ding)期(qi)校(xiao)準(zhun)。連(lian)續(xu)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)天(tian)平(ping)
，大(da)約(yue)每(mei)星(xing)期(qi)校(xiao)準(zhun)一(yi)次(ci)。校(xiao)準(zhun)時(shi)應(ying)按(an)規(gui)定(ding)程(cheng)序(xu)進(jin)行(xing)，必(bi)須(xu)使(shi)用(yong)標(biao)準(zhun)砝(fa)碼(ma)進(jin)行(xing)校(xiao)準(zhun)，否(fou)則(ze)將(jiang)起(qi)不(bu)到(dao)校(xiao)準(zhun)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。

在安裝分析天平時首先要選擇選防塵
、防潮、防震、防風、防曬
、恒heng溫wen的de房fang間jian作zuo為wei天tian平ping室shi。其qi次ci，天tian平ping應ying安an放fang在zai牢lao固gu可ke靠kao的de工gong作zuo台tai上shang，並bing選xuan擇ze適shi當dang的de位wei置zhi安an放fang。天tian平ping安an裝zhuang前qian，應ying按an裝zhuang箱xiang清qing單dan進jin行xing清qing點dian
，看kan各ge部bu件jian是shi否fou齊qi全quan、完(wan)好(hao)，並(bing)對(dui)天(tian)平(ping)的(de)所(suo)有(you)部(bu)件(jian)進(jin)行(xing)仔(zai)細(xi)清(qing)潔(jie)。安(an)裝(zhuang)時(shi)
，應(ying)參(can)照(zhao)天(tian)平(ping)的(de)說(shuo)明(ming)書(shu)正(zheng)確(que)裝(zhuang)配(pei)天(tian)平(ping)。安(an)裝(zhuang)完(wan)畢(bi)後(hou)應(ying)再(zai)次(ci)檢(jian)查(zha)各(ge)部(bu)分(fen)安(an)裝(zhuang)是(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)常(chang)，然(ran)後(hou)檢(jian)查(zha)電(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)壓(ya)是(shi)否(fou)符(fu)合(he)天(tian)平(ping)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，打(da)開(kai)天(tian)平(ping)檢(jian)查(zha)是(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)常(chang)。 

在使用分析天平進行稱量的過程中，環境和物理因素會對稱量結果產生幹擾，如溫度、樣品揮發、吸濕、磁力、靜電等的幹擾。

（1）溫度的變化對分析天平的影響

ruguozaichengliangguochengzhongfaxianxianshizhidanfangxiangpiaoyi，jiuyoukenengshiwendubianhuasuochanshengdeyingxiang。ruoyangpinyuzhouweihuanjingzhijiandewenducunzaichayi，zezhegewenduchayijiuhuidaozhiyanchengzhongrongqiliudongdeqiliu。kongqiyanzherongqiwaiceliudongchanshengyigexiangshangdezuoyongli，zhegelijiudaozhichengzhongjieguochanshengcuowu：樣(yang)品(pin)在(zai)動(dong)態(tai)浮(fu)力(li)作(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)
，稱(cheng)得(de)的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)比(bi)實(shi)際(ji)要(yao)輕(qing)。這(zhe)個(ge)作(zuo)用(yong)直(zhi)到(dao)溫(wen)度(du)平(ping)衡(heng)形(xing)成(cheng)以(yi)後(hou)才(cai)會(hui)終(zhong)止(zhi)。當(dang)把(ba)樣(yang)品(pin)從(cong)幹(gan)燥(zao)爐(lu)或(huo)冰(bing)箱(xiang)中(zhong)取(qu)出(chu)以(yi)後(hou)
，要(yao)等(deng)到(dao)樣(yang)品(pin)溫(wen)度(du)與(yu)實(shi)驗(yan)室(shi)或(huo)稱(cheng)量(liang)室(shi)溫(wen)度(du)一(yi)致(zhi)時(shi)才(cai)可(ke)以(yi)稱(cheng)量(liang)。樣(yang)品(pin)要(yao)放(fang)在(zai)表(biao)麵(mian)積(ji)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)小(xiao)的(de)去(qu)皮(pi)容(rong)器(qi)中(zhong)
，取(qu)放(fang)稱(cheng)量(liang)容(rong)器(qi)要(yao)使(shi)用(yong)鑷(nie)子(zi)夾(jia)取(qu)，而(er)不(bu)能(neng)將(jiang)手(shou)放(fang)入(ru)稱(cheng)量(liang)室(shi)中(zhong)。

（2）樣品吸濕或揮發對稱量結果的影響

如果在稱量的過程中顯示值單方向持續漂移，則可能測量的是揮發性或吸濕性樣品。若樣品吸濕性較強
，則重量會增大
；若ruo被bei測ce量liang樣yang品pin屬shu易yi揮hui發fa物wu質zhi
，則ze重zhong量liang會hui減jian小xiao。對dui於yu吸xi濕shi性xing或huo揮hui發fa性xing樣yang品pin可ke使shi用yong細xi頸jing容rong器qi，給gei容rong器qi加jia蓋gai或huo上shang塞sai，使shi用yong清qing潔jie幹gan燥zao的de稱cheng重zhong容rong器qi並bing保bao持chi稱cheng盤pan上shang不bu粘zhan有you灰hui塵chen、汙染物及水滴。

（3）樣品或容器帶靜電對稱量結果的影響

ruguomeicichengliangdouxianshibutongdechengliangjieguohuoxianshizhibuwending
，huochengliangjieguodezhongfuxingcha，zekekaolvshichengliangrongqihuozheyangpindaiyoujingdian。jingdianxianxiangdeyingxiangjiangshimeicichengliangshichengzhongrongqijunxianshibutongdezhongliang
，jieguodezhongfuxinghencha。juyougaojueyuandudecailiaoruboli、塑su料liao製zhi的de稱cheng重zhong容rong器qi等deng容rong易yi帶dai靜jing電dian。這zhe種zhong帶dai電dian現xian象xiang主zhu要yao是shi由you於yu樣yang品pin或huo容rong器qi在zai搬ban運yun過guo程cheng中zhong攪jiao拌ban或huo摩mo擦ca產chan生sheng的de


，而er且qie一yi旦dan帶dai電dian則ze排pai除chu電dian荷he會hui非fei常chang緩huan慢man，在zai相xiang對dui濕shi度du低di於yu40%的(de)幹(gan)燥(zao)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)樣(yang)品(pin)或(huo)容(rong)器(qi)帶(dai)靜(jing)電(dian)的(de)幾(ji)率(lv)會(hui)增(zeng)加(jia)。通(tong)常(chang)可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)打(da)開(kai)加(jia)濕(shi)器(qi)或(huo)適(shi)當(dang)調(tiao)節(jie)空(kong)調(tiao)係(xi)統(tong)來(lai)增(zeng)加(jia)空(kong)氣(qi)濕(shi)度(du)
，把(ba)稱(cheng)重(zhong)容(rong)器(qi)放(fang)在(zai)金(jin)屬(shu)容(rong)器(qi)內(nei)再(zai)進(jin)行(xing)稱(cheng)量(liang)
，設(she)法(fa)給(gei)分(fen)析(xi)天(tian)平(ping)接(jie)地(di)等(deng)措(cuo)施(shi)，來(lai)去(qu)除(chu)或(huo)屏(ping)蔽(bi)稱(cheng)重(zhong)樣(yang)品(pin)上(shang)的(de)靜(jing)電(dian)。