植(zhi)物(wu)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)技(ji)術(shu)它(ta)是(shi)傳(chuan)統(tong)各(ge)種(zhong)育(yu)苗(miao)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)與(yu)提(ti)升(sheng),具(ju)有(you)技(ji)術(shu)操(cao)作(zuo)上(shang)的(de)延(yan)續(xu)性(xing),但(dan)又(you)有(you)創(chuang)新(xin)與(yu)獨(du)特(te)性(xing),現(xian)把(ba)它(ta)與(yu)扡(qian)插(cha)播(bo)種(zhong)及(ji)組(zu)織(zhi)培(pei)養(yang)育(yu)苗(miao)的(de)異(yi)同(tong)點(dian)分(fen)析(xi)如(ru)下(xia):
1、與(yu)種(zhong)子(zi)育(yu)苗(miao)的(de)區(qu)別(bie),種(zhong)子(zi)育(yu)苗(miao)是(shi)農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)上(shang)運(yun)用(yong)最(zui)多(duo)最(zui)廣(guang)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)最(zui)常(chang)見(jian)的(de)育(yu)苗(miao)技(ji)術(shu),特(te)別(bie)是(shi)在(zai)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)及(ji)蔬(shu)菜(cai)上(shang),它(ta)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)最(zui)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)育(yu)苗(miao)方(fang)式(shi),這(zhe)種(zhong)育(yu)苗(miao)方(fang)式(shi)具(ju)有(you)操(cao)作(zuo)簡(jian)單(dan)而(er)且(qie)種(zhong)子(zi)來(lai)源(yuan)廣(guang),成(cheng)本(ben)又(you)低(di)的(de)特(te)點(dian),所(suo)以(yi)它(ta)已(yi)是(shi)農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)上(shang)最(zui)主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)育(yu)苗(miao)方(fang)式(shi),但(dan)這(zhe)種(zhong)育(yu)苗(miao)方(fang)式(shi)對(dui)於(yu)許(xu)多(duo)種(zhong)子(zi)價(jia)格(ge)高(gao)的(de)或(huo)變(bian)異(yi)係(xi)數(shu)較(jiao)大(da),以(yi)及(ji)種(zhong)子(zi)數(shu)量(liang)有(you)限(xian)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),種(zhong)子(zi)育(yu)苗(miao)是(shi)難(nan)以(yi)達(da)到(dao)良(liang)好(hao)而(er)快(kuai)速(su)的(de)效(xiao)果(guo)的(de)。除(chu)了(le)F1daidezajiaorengongzhizhongziziwai,daduoshuzhongziliuzhongpeiyudezhongmiaodoucunzaihoudaixingzhuangfenli,daozhinongyixingzhuangjichanliangzhiliangdecanchabuqi,yingxiangshangpinxinghuozheshengwuxingzhuang,zaishengchanshangyunyongyouyidingnandu,chulepinzhongxuanyuwai。lingwaizaizhongzishuliangjiweiyouxianhuojiagejigaodeqingkuangxia,zhongziyumiaonanyizaiduanqineikuofanchudaliangxingzhuangyizhishangpinmiao,ercaiyongfeishiguankuaifanhoujiukeqingsongshixian,lingwai,jishizaiyouzugouzhongzishuliangdebaozhangxia,liyongkuaifanyekegaijinzhongmiaodezonghexingzhuangyushangpinlv,rudaduozhongzimiaobiaoxianweigenxibuzhengqierqieshuliangshaoerxishu,yizaihoudeshengchangjifayushengchangjinchengdoumeiyoukuaifanmiaobiaoxiandehao,suoyizaifadaguojia,xuduoyuanbenyongzhongziyumiaodepinzhongruxigua、黃瓜、豇(jiang)豆(dou)等(deng)園(yuan)藝(yi)蔬(shu)菜(cai)植(zhi)物(wu),它(ta)們(men)都(dou)開(kai)始(shi)推(tui)廣(guang)與(yu)采(cai)用(yong),先(xian)播(bo)種(zhong)出(chu)苗(miao),再(zai)切(qie)莖(jing)斷(duan)根(gen)育(yu)苗(miao),待(dai)重(zhong)新(xin)長(chang)出(chu)快(kuai)繁(fan)的(de)無(wu)性(xing)係(xi)根(gen)係(xi)後(hou),再(zai)移(yi)植(zhi)大(da)田(tian),這(zhe)樣(yang)除(chu)了(le)產(chan)量(liang)提(ti)高(gao)外(wai),抗(kang)逆(ni)性(xing)提(ti)高(gao)及(ji)發(fa)育(yu)期(qi)縮(suo)短(duan)有(you)明(ming)顯(xian)的(de)效(xiao)果(guo),現(xian)已(yi)在(zai)農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)上(shang)得(de)以(yi)運(yun)用(yong)。另(ling)外(wai),對(dui)於(yu)有(you)些(xie)轉(zhuan)基(ji)因(yin)的(de)品(pin)種(zhong)或(huo)者(zhe)成(cheng)本(ben)極(ji)高(gao)的(de)太(tai)空(kong)種(zhong)質(zhi),存(cun)在(zai)不(bu)能(neng)形(xing)成(cheng)種(zhong)子(zi)或(huo)種(zhong)子(zi)少(shao)與(yu)昂(ang)貴(gui)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),采(cai)用(yong)種(zhong)子(zi)育(yu)苗(miao)難(nan)以(yi)滿(man)足(zu)生(sheng)產(chan)需(xu)要(yao)時(shi),非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)技(ji)術(shu)可(ke)以(yi)得(de)以(yi)有(you)效(xiao)解(jie)決(jue)。如(ru)最(zui)近(jin)流(liu)行(xing)的(de)轉(zhuan)基(ji)因(yin)植(zhi)物(wu)驅(qu)蚊(wen)草(cao)與(yu)熒(ying)光(guang)花(hua)卉(hui),它(ta)不(bu)能(neng)形(xing)成(cheng)種(zhong)子(zi),既(ji)使(shi)有(you)少(shao)量(liang)種(zhong)子(zi)成(cheng)苗(miao)率(lv)也(ye)不(bu)高(gao),而(er)且(qie)後(hou)代(dai)分(fen)離(li)與(yu)變(bian)異(yi)大(da),針(zhen)對(dui)這(zhe)些(xie)品(pin)種(zhong)運(yun)用(yong)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)技(ji)術(shu)就(jiu)可(ke)體(ti)現(xian)出(chu)極(ji)大(da)的(de)優(you)勢(shi)。還(hai)有(you)一(yi)些(xie)品(pin)種(zhong)如(ru)西(xi)瓜(gua)在(zai)苗(miao)期(qi)極(ji)易(yi)患(huan)猝(cu)倒(dao)病(bing),而(er)用(yong)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)後(hou)可(ke)以(yi)有(you)效(xiao)解(jie)決(jue)。采(cai)用(yong)種(zhong)子(zi)育(yu)苗(miao)對(dui)於(yu)一(yi)些(xie)成(cheng)本(ben)低(di)變(bian)異(yi)小(xiao)的(de)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)或(huo)蔬(shu)菜(cai)瓜(gua)果(guo)是(shi)可(ke)以(yi)采(cai)用(yong),但(dan)對(dui)於(yu)成(cheng)本(ben)高(gao)種(zhong)源(yuan)少(shao)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia),隻(zhi)有(you)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)技(ji)術(shu)才(cai)能(neng)實(shi)現(xian)優(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)短(duan)時(shi)間(jian)內(nei)擴(kuo)繁(fan),而(er)種(zhong)子(zi)難(nan)以(yi)實(shi)現(xian),因(yin)種(zhong)子(zi)需(xu)經(jing)開(kai)花(hua)授(shou)粉(fen)及(ji)成(cheng)熟(shu)漫(man)長(chang)的(de)製(zhi)種(zhong)階(jie)段(duan),而(er)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)可(ke)隨(sui)時(shi)取(qu)母(mu)本(ben)植(zhi)株(zhu)上(shang)的(de)營(ying)養(yang)器(qi)官(guan)枝(zhi)葉(ye)芽(ya)或(huo)根(gen)進(jin)行(xing)擴(kuo)繁(fan),以(yi)解(jie)決(jue)種(zhong)子(zi)周(zhou)期(qi)長(chang)速(su)度(du)慢(man)的(de)問(wen)題(ti)。
2、與yu嫁jia接jie育yu苗miao的de區qu別bie,嫁jia接jie育yu苗miao是shi傳chuan統tong育yu苗miao中zhong實shi現xian無wu性xing係xi狀zhuang態tai保bao留liu運yun用yong最zui常chang見jian的de技ji術shu,在zai木mu本ben的de果guo樹shu及ji瓜gua類lei植zhi物wu上shang近jin年nian運yun用yong極ji為wei廣guang泛fan。這zhe種zhong方fang法fa能neng保bao持chi品pin種zhong優you良liang特te性xing外wai,許xu多duo植zhi物wu還hai可ke通tong過guo嫁jia接jie來lai提ti高gao植zhi株zhu的de抗kang逆ni性xing或huo改gai善shan某mou些xie農nong藝yi性xing狀zhuang,在zai生sheng產chan上shang運yun用yong得de到dao了le很hen好hao的de反fan響xiang,但dan同tong時shi,也ye存cun在zai著zhe技ji術shu繁fan瑣suo,時shi間jian周zhou期qi過guo長chang,如ru遇yu不bu利li的de氣qi候hou環huan境jing,還hai會hui導dao致zhi成cheng活huo率lv低di或huo苗miao勢shi差cha的de缺que點dian,而er且qie許xu多duo品pin種zhong對dui嫁jia接jie砧zhen木mu的de選xuan擇ze存cun在zai專zhuan一yi性xing,如ru果guo兩liang者zhe不bu親qin和he,除chu了le成cheng活huo率lv低di外wai,還hai會hui影ying響xiang壽shou命ming與yu品pin質zhi,所suo以yi在zai進jin行xing嫁jia接jie育yu苗miao前qian一yi定ding要yao選xuan擇ze適shi合he的de砧zhen木mu品pin種zhong進jin行xing砧zhen木mu苗miao的de培pei育yu,一yi般ban品pin種zhong需xu1-2年時間,生長快的品種也需半年左右,這樣無疑就延長了優良品種的繁苗周期,如果樹類一般快的1nian,shijianchangdexuliangnianhuosannian,ruzaomiao,banlimiao,yangmei,pipadeng,douxujiaochangshijiandepeiyuqi,cainengchengweiyizhushengchangkeyongdeshangpinmiao。ercaiyongfeishiguankelongxinjishuhou,shangshuzhexiepinzhongzhixujiequtadeyiyeyiyahuoyizhiduanjigenduanjiukepeiyuchengyigewanzhengdegeti,ruzaokuaizhixu15天即生根,25天就可移栽大田,而嫁接苗需2-3nian。gengweifansuogongyiliuchengduo,chenghuolvshoutianqizhiyueda,rutaomiaoyiyuyutianchenghuolvjiujidihuozhejishichenghuoyehuidaozhiyanzhongliujiao,chenghuohouhaixujiemoyuchumeng,guanlifanershoujijieyingxiangda。erfeishiguankelongxinjishu,zhiyaoshenggenchengmiaohoujikeyizai,genxifadaerchenghuolvgao,yiniansijijiekeyizaidingzhi,yonggaifangfapeiyudemiaomu,genxichengbaozhashi,bingqiegenguanbijida,shiyuyuanjulihuofanjijieyizai,chenghuolvgao,huanmiaoqiduan,zheshimuqianrenheyizhongyumiaojishusuowufabinide。lingwai,jiajiecunzaidebuqinhexianxianghuohouqibuqinhexianxiangyunyongkuaifanhoukeyiyouxiaojiejue,ruzuijinjinyinhuawangmiaomudepeiyudaduocaiyongjiajie,dantahuichuxianhouqibuqinheyujiajiekouchuchuxianqiabozixianxiang,sannianhouyutaifengyichuijiuduan,geizhongzhizhedailaiyanzhongjingjisunshi,ercaiyongkuaifanjishukeyiyouxiaodijiejue,yinweitashuzigenmiao,bucunzaiqinhexingwenti。
3、zhongjishuzuizaoshirenmenwuyidibayixiezhiwudeshuzhicharuturangzhong,houlaifaxianshenggenbingchengmiaole,yushirenmenjiubuduandizongjiefaxianqizhongdeaomiaoyuguilv,kaishiguanchajijiejizhitiaolaonenjihuanjingdeyingxiang,zongjiechuyitaoshiheyugezhongzhiwudechuantongqianchayumiaojishu,bingbatayongzhiyushengchanshijian。youjuguyandao:有(you)心(xin)栽(zai)花(hua)花(hua)不(bu)活(huo),無(wu)心(xin)插(cha)柳(liu)柳(liu)成(cheng)蔭(yin),也(ye)話(hua)古(gu)人(ren)也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)最(zui)早(zao)從(cong)柳(liu)樹(shu)插(cha)枝(zhi)上(shang)得(de)到(dao)扡(qian)插(cha)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)啟(qi)發(fa)吧(ba),後(hou)來(lai)人(ren)們(men)發(fa)現(xian)用(yong)柳(liu)樹(shu)汁(zhi)處(chu)理(li)枝(zhi)條(tiao)的(de)切(qie)口(kou)可(ke)以(yi)促(cu)進(jin)生(sheng)根(gen),於(yu)是(shi)又(you)啟(qi)示(shi)人(ren)們(men)對(dui)促(cu)進(jin)生(sheng)根(gen)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu),現(xian)代(dai)的(de)扡(qian)插(cha)育(yu)苗(miao)技(ji)術(shu)已(yi)對(dui)於(yu)植(zhi)物(wu)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)季(ji)節(jie),不(bu)同(tong)的(de)基(ji)質(zhi),不(bu)同(tong)的(de)環(huan)境(jing),不(bu)同(tong)的(de)藥(yao)劑(ji)等(deng)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)科(ke)學(xue)而(er)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu),而(er)且(qie)開(kai)發(fa)了(le)各(ge)種(zhong)各(ge)樣(yang)的(de)生(sheng)根(gen)粉(fen),其(qi)中(zhong)最(zui)有(you)權(quan)威(wei)的(de)就(jiu)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)林(lin)科(ke)院(yuan)王(wang)濤(tao)研(yan)究(jiu)員(yuan)開(kai)發(fa)推(tui)廣(guang)的(de)ABT生(sheng)根(gen)粉(fen)。這(zhe)些(xie)技(ji)術(shu)及(ji)促(cu)進(jin)生(sheng)根(gen)藥(yao)劑(ji)的(de)研(yan)究(jiu)為(wei)扡(qian)插(cha)育(yu)苗(miao)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)強(qiang)勁(jin)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)支(zhi)撐(cheng),但(dan)美(mei)中(zhong)不(bu)足(zu)的(de)是(shi),並(bing)不(bu)是(shi)所(suo)有(you)植(zhi)物(wu)都(dou)能(neng)進(jin)行(xing)扡(qian)插(cha),也(ye)不(bu)是(shi)在(zai)任(ren)何(he)季(ji)節(jie)都(dou)可(ke)進(jin)行(xing)扡(qian)插(cha)繁(fan)殖(zhi),更(geng)為(wei)不(bu)足(zu)的(de)是(shi)成(cheng)活(huo)率(lv)影(ying)響(xiang)的(de)因(yin)素(su)多(duo),不(bu)穩(wen)定(ding),難(nan)以(yi)在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)上(shang)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)工(gong)廠(chang)化(hua)地(di)實(shi)施(shi)。而(er)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)技(ji)術(shu)可(ke)克(ke)服(fu)上(shang)述(shu)的(de)各(ge)種(zhong)缺(que)點(dian),又(you)能(neng)延(yan)續(xu)傳(chuan)統(tong)育(yu)苗(miao)操(cao)作(zuo)上(shang)的(de)簡(jian)易(yi)性(xing),易(yi)掌(zhang)握(wo)性(xing),實(shi)現(xian)種(zhong)苗(miao)的(de)工(gong)廠(chang)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan),使(shi)育(yu)苗(miao)變(bian)得(de)簡(jian)單(dan)高(gao)效(xiao)而(er)快(kuai)速(su),如(ru)扡(qian)插(cha)育(yu)苗(miao)大(da)多(duo)隻(zhi)有(you)在(zai)氣(qi)候(hou)適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)春(chun)季(ji)或(huo)秋(qiu)季(ji)進(jin)行(xing),而(er)采(cai)用(yong)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)技(ji)術(shu)後(hou),一(yi)年(nian)四(si)季(ji),不(bu)管(guan)春(chun)夏(xia)秋(qiu)冬(dong)都(dou)可(ke)實(shi)施(shi)快(kuai)繁(fan),實(shi)現(xian)周(zhou)年(nian)快(kuai)繁(fan),其(qi)實(shi)在(zai)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)控(kong)製(zhi)的(de)精(jing)確(que)模(mo)擬(ni)環(huan)境(jing)下(xia),能(neng)為(wei)生(sheng)根(gen)成(cheng)苗(miao)創(chuang)造(zao)最(zui)佳(jia)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)條(tiao)件(jian),使(shi)離(li)體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)生(sheng)根(gen)過(guo)程(cheng)穩(wen)定(ding)而(er)高(gao)效(xiao)率(lv),生(sheng)根(gen)時(shi)間(jian)大(da)大(da)縮(suo)短(duan),就(jiu)是(shi)同(tong)樣(yang)的(de)生(sheng)根(gen)成(cheng)活(huo)率(lv),非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)苗(miao)它(ta)具(ju)有(you)比(bi)扡(qian)插(cha)苗(miao)更(geng)為(wei)發(fa)達(da)而(er)整(zheng)齊(qi)的(de)根(gen)係(xi),這(zhe)點(dian)是(shi)任(ren)何(he)育(yu)苗(miao)技(ji)術(shu)所(suo)無(wu)法(fa)比(bi)擬(ni)的(de)。操(cao)作(zuo)簡(jian)單(dan)看(kan)似(si)與(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)扡(qian)插(cha)相(xiang)似(si),但(dan)非(fei)試(shi)管(guan)克(ke)隆(long)技(ji)術(shu)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)比(bi)扡(qian)插(cha)材(cai)料(liao)更(geng)小(xiao)的(de)微(wei)材(cai)料(liao)快(kuai)速(su)生(sheng)根(gen)與(yu)成(cheng)苗(miao),如(ru)一(yi)葉(ye)一(yi)芽(ya),或(huo)一(yi)葉(ye)半(ban)葉(ye),或(huo)一(yi)枝(zhi)或(huo)一(yi)芽(ya),一(yi)根(gen)等(deng),隻(zhi)要(yao)是(shi)全(quan)息(xi)性(xing)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)植(zhi)物(wu)離(li)體(ti)器(qi)官(guan)都(dou)可(ke)當(dang)作(zuo)快(kuai)繁(fan)時(shi)的(de)離(li)體(ti)材(cai)料(liao),而(er)扡(qian)插(cha)大(da)多(duo)選(xuan)擇(ze)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)多(duo)貯(zhu)藏(zang)養(yang)份(fen)的(de)大(da)枝(zhi)段(duan)大(da)枝(zhi)條(tiao)作(zuo)為(wei)材(cai)料(liao),從(cong)耗(hao)材(cai)上(shang),扡(qian)插(cha)用(yong)是(shi)更(geng)多(duo)些(xie)。從(cong)繁(fan)苗(miao)的(de)密(mi)度(du)上(shang)比(bi)扡(qian)插(cha)育(yu)苗(miao)更(geng)密(mi),每(mei)平(ping)方(fang)可(ke)達(da)400-1000株,如結合立體多層次的架式育苗效率還可提高得更多,一個240平方米的快繁大棚,至少可年生產50-100萬wan株zhu苗miao,是shi大da田tian扡qian插cha育yu苗miao的de幾ji倍bei或huo幾ji十shi倍bei。從cong管guan理li用yong工gong來lai說shuo投tou入ru的de成cheng本ben也ye大da大da地di降jiang低di,傳chuan統tong扡qian插cha育yu苗miao除chu了le扣kou膜mo保bao濕shi蔗zhe蔭yin外wai,平ping時shi還hai需xu進jin行xing定ding時shi的de澆jiao水shui與yu病bing蟲chong害hai雜za草cao的de防fang治zhi管guan理li,用yong工gong量liang大da成cheng本ben高gao,而er在zai非fei試shi管guan克ke隆long的de育yu苗miao環huan境jing下xia,一yi切qie可ke交jiao給gei計ji算suan機ji控kong製zhi統tong自zi動dong完wan成cheng,這zhe樣yang的de話hua就jiu可ke大da大da地di降jiang低di勞lao動dong力li投tou入ru減jian少shao種zhong苗miao的de成cheng本ben,大da多duo數shu品pin種zhong從cong繁fan殖zhi至zhi生sheng根gen移yi栽zai成cheng本ben不bu會hui超chao過guo1分錢,也就是說它是成本隻需扡插育苗的1/10-1/20jike。zaishiyidepinzhongshang,caiyongfeishiguankelongxinjishujihushiyongyusuoyoudelvsezhiwu,erqianchayumiaozhishiyuyixietedingdepinzhongyujijie,jiushichuantonghuozuzhipeiyangzuinanfanzhidesongshujibinweizhiwubaishanzulengshanyedeyikuaifanchenggong,qitadeguaguoshucailvhuayaocaidengjieke,zaishiyipinzhongfanweishangyoulezhidetisheng。erqieyunyongxinjishupeiyudemiaomugenguanbida,shihezhounianyizaiquanniandingzhi,dadajiakuaiyouliangpinzhongdechanyehuajincheng,rujiehexuepanyumiao,gengkeshimiaomudepeiyuyizaidingzhiyitihua,shizhongzhiyinqishengchangbulianghuanmanguochangdexianxiangdeyikefu。caiyongxinjishupeiyudemiaomujiushizaishengxiayekeyizai,zheshiqitarenheyizhongyumiaofangfazuobudaode,zhezhongxinjishujieheyucainalechuantongyumiaoyicaozuoxingdeyoudian,bingqihuanjingduobianxingdequedian,shixianlezhongmiaodezhouniankuaisupeiyuyuduodaixunhuandejihebeizeng,zaichangguiqianchayumiaoqingkuangxia,yigenzhitiaojingqianchahouyinianzhinengchengweiyizhumiao,erfeishiguankelongxinjishukeyishixianjiqianbeishangwanbeishenzhishangbaiwanbeidejihejikuozeng,zheshiqianchayijiqitayumiaojishubukebinide。
4、與組培技術的區別;組zu培pei技ji術shu全quan稱cheng為wei組zu織zhi培pei養yang技ji術shu,就jiu是shi運yun用yong植zhi物wu組zu織zhi或huo器qi官guan甚shen至zhi是shi細xi胞bao,在zai密mi封feng的de裝zhuang有you調tiao配pei好hao營ying養yang基ji質zhi的de試shi管guan瓶ping中zhong,完wan成cheng它ta的de分fen化hua增zeng殖zhi及ji生sheng根gen過guo成cheng,使shi接jie種zhong後hou的de植zhi物wu組zu織zhi經jing一yi段duan時shi間jian的de培pei育yu後hou發fa育yu成cheng為wei一yi個ge或huo數shu個ge完wan整zheng的de植zhi株zhu,這zhe就jiu是shi我wo們men近jin代dai生sheng物wu技ji術shu中zhong常chang提ti及ji的de組zu織zhi培pei養yang技ji術shu,它ta是shi目mu前qian科ke研yan院yuan校xiao科ke教jiao與yu試shi驗yan的de一yi項xiang重zhong要yao生sheng物wu技ji術shu範fan疇chou,但dan在zai生sheng產chan上shang一yi直zhi因yin為wei存cun在zai的de某mou些xie瓶ping頸jing而er未wei被bei大da麵mian積ji的de采cai納na與yu推tui廣guang。除chu了le組zu織zhi培pei養yang投tou入ru及ji運yun行xing的de成cheng本ben較jiao高gao外wai,更geng重zhong要yao的de一yi點dian是shi它ta適shi宜yi的de品pin種zhong不bu廣guang,可ke操cao作zuo性xing不bu強qiang,特te別bie是shi基ji層ceng的de生sheng產chan者zhe更geng難nan掌zhang握wo與yu操cao作zuo。所suo以yi,組zu織zhi培pei養yang技ji術shu在zai我wo國guo發fa展zhan的de幾ji十shi年nian中zhong基ji本ben上shang處chu於yu研yan究jiu階jie段duan如ru作zuo為wei育yu種zhong及ji基ji因yin工gong程cheng技ji術shu的de輔fu助zhu工gong具ju在zai運yun用yong,在zai生sheng產chan上shang除chu了le一yi些xie技ji術shu簡jian單dan的de香xiang蕉jiao、甘蔗、caomeishangpinmiaojimalingshutuoduwai,zaimubenzhiwujiguaguoshucaideyunyongshangjishao,chulechengbenyinsuwai,jishuyehaishiyigepingjing,tebieshimubenzhiwudeyoudaoshenggenshang,cunzaidewentihaishihenduo,muqianhainanyizaishengchanshangtuiguangyunyong。jishixuduopinzhongzaishiguanneinenglianghaofayu,danyetongyangcunzaiyizaihouchenghuolvdihuohuanmiaonanshengchangshichadengshenglizhangaixianxiang。namefeishiguankelongjishutashiruhekefuzupeijishudequedianershixianleyizhongxinxingdezuzhipeiyangxinlujingne?qishizhiwufeishiguankelongxinjishucongfanyidejiaodulaishuoyeshizuzhipeiyangjishu,danbutongdeshiyigeshizaishiguanlieryigeshizaikuaifanmiaochuangdedatianjidili,peiyuhuanjingyouyitianrangzhibie,yigexuyaowujundemibihuanjing,yigeshizaikaifangdehuanjing,yigeshizaiquanrenrenbuguanghuanjingxia,yigeshizaiquantianhoudeziranguanghuanjingxia,yigeshiliyongjiatangderengongpeiyangjiweiyumiaojizhi,eryigeshizaimeiyourenheyoujizhijitangdewujizhenzhuyanjizhi。yigeshiliyongyounendegangfenhuahuowufenhuadezuzhihuojingjian,yigeshiliyongyiwanchengxingtaifenhuadezuzhihuoqiguan,yigeshitongguofenhuabudingyayishixianjihebeizeng,yigeshiliyongyajingyingyangshengchanglaishixianliticailiaodezengzhi,yeyoubufenkeyiyunyongzengshengdebudingyalaiwanchengzengzhi,dandaduoshupinzhongshiliyongjingdeshengchanglaikuodafanzhicailiao。yigexujingguoyangelianmiaocainengshiyingdatianhuanjing,yigezhixujiandanlianmiaojiunengpeiyuchengduihuanjingyouhenqiangshiyingxingdekuaifanmiao,chulezhexiequbiewai,zaishenglishangtamencunzaishizhixingdequbie,zhenyinweizhexiequbie,ershichuantongdezupeimiaochenghuolvdishiyingxingchaernanyizaishengchanshangtuiguangyunyong。xianbatamendequbiepouxiruxia,zuzhipeiyangguochengshiyigeyiyiyangweizhu,ziyangweifudejishengxingyumiaoguocheng,shiguanneizuzhidefayusuoxudeyingyangyunengliangdoushiyikaopeiyangjizhongdetangyukuangzhiyingyanglaitigongde,shuyuyiyangxingdaixie。erfeishiguankuaifanjishu,tadelitizuzhicailiaoshizaimeiyourenhetangdewujijizhihuanjingzhongjinxing,tadenengliangdaixiequanlaiyuzuzhibenshendeguanghezuoyongnengliyuzhuzangdeyingyangwuzhi,tadezhenggedaixieguochengshiziligengshengdeziyangxingdaixie,liangzhongbutongdaixieleixingsuopeiyudemiaoduihuanjingjiucunzaiwanquanbutongdeshiyingxing,ziyangxingdejuyouhenqiangshiyingxing,shaozuolianmiaojiukeyizaizhiziranhuanjing,ershiguanneipeiyudexiaomiao,changzaipingneishikanqilaimiaoshihaishibucuo,danyidanyizhidatian,jiuchuxiansimiaoweinian,jiuqishengliyuanyin,faxianzaimibipingneishengchangdexiaomiao,youyuchangqichangzaigaoduqueyangyueryanghuatandehuanjingxia,tadehuxizuoyongmoshiyuguanghezuoyongmoshimeiyouwanquanjianli,chuxianqikongqueshixianxianghuozhesuoweidebolimiaoxianxiang,lingwai,zaipingneishengchangdexiaomiao,tazaiyingyangqiguandexingchengchangsuoxudenengliangyuyingyangdaduoshiyoujizhizhijiegongyingyumanzu,erfeishiguankuaifanmiaotazhuyaoyikaoziyizishendeguanghezuoyongyuyepianhuanjingxishouweizhu,tazaipeiyuguochengzhongyixingchenglewanzhengerfadadeweiguanshu,youliyuyizaihoudeyingyangxishoudaixie,erpingneizuzhimiaochangyouweiguanshufayubuhaohuobuliantongbufayudewenti,suoyidangtayizhidatianhouhaihuichuxianxishoujiguanghezuoyonghuxizuoyongdengshenglizhizhangaiwenti,zheshidaozhizupeichenghuolvdidezuiguanjianyinzi。erfeishiguankuaifan,tashiyilaiyuzuzhihuoyepianzishendeguanghedaixienengliyiwanchengtazhenggezhizhufayudeyingyangyunengliang,suoyitadegenxitebiefada,yinweitaliyongyepianyuanyuanbuduandeguanghezuoyongnenglitigongledaliangdeziyangtanyuan,erqiezaijiashangqiekouhuanjingtouqibaoshilianghao,buxiangzupeijizhiqiongzhiquefatouqixing,suoyitadegenxifayutebieduoerfada,shirenheyizhongyumiaojishuwukebijiaode。chulezhexiequbiewai,feishiguankuaifanjishujuyoubizupeigenggaodezengzhilv,yinweiyizaihoudexiaomiao,zaiquanjiayingyangyejishiyiziranhuanjingxiabizaipingneiyougengkuaideshengchangliangyushengwuliang,ruquwencaoxiaomiaoyizhidatianhou,zai1-2個月內至少可增殖15-20個(ge)葉(ye)片(pian)與(yu)芽(ya),為(wei)下(xia)代(dai)的(de)繼(ji)代(dai)循(xun)環(huan)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)幾(ji)何(he)級(ji)增(zeng)長(chang)的(de)離(li)體(ti)材(cai)料(liao),這(zhe)樣(yang)一(yi)個(ge)葉(ye)芽(ya)在(zai)一(yi)年(nian)內(nei)致(zhi)少(shao)可(ke)培(pei)育(yu)上(shang)百(bai)萬(wan)株(zhu)種(zhong)苗(miao),而(er)且(qie)成(cheng)本(ben)極(ji)低(di),隻(zhi)需(xu)一(yi)個(ge)塑(su)料(liao)大(da)棚(peng)與(yu)數(shu)個(ge)增(zeng)殖(zhi)培(pei)育(yu)大(da)棚(peng)就(jiu)可(ke)完(wan)成(cheng)了(le),而(er)如(ru)果(guo)采(cai)用(yong)組(zu)織(zhi)培(pei)養(yang)技(ji)術(shu),光(guang)組(zu)培(pei)相(xiang)關(guan)設(she)施(shi)設(she)備(bei)與(yu)器(qi)具(ju),就(jiu)需(xu)投(tou)入(ru)幾(ji)百(bai)萬(wan)元(yuan),而(er)且(qie)時(shi)間(jian)又(you)長(chang)又(you)繁(fan)瑣(suo),一(yi)般(ban)人(ren)也(ye)難(nan)以(yi)掌(zhang)握(wo)。
zongzhiyumiaojishushinongyeshengchanhuanjiezhongzuiweizhongyaojishuyaoqiuyexiangduijiaogaodejishu,mianduidangqianwoguonongyeshengchanqingkuang,yicongdanjiaduhusanhujingyingxingxiangzhuanyehugongsijingyingxingzhuanbian,nongyechanyequhuayecongchuantonglingsanwuxuxiangyindizhiyiyouxuyoujihuadiquyuhuachanyehuafazhan,gezixingchenglechujuchanyeyoushidedifangpinpaiyudangdimingteyouchanpin,suizhechanyehuabuduantuiguang,yuanlaiziyumiaozizaipeiziliuzhongdechuantongzhongmiaopeiyufangshikendingyibunengshiyingdangqianchanyehuadaguimohuafazhandexuqiu,suoyibixuzaixinshiqixia,yaoxunsukaifaxingchengyizhongshihechanyehuagongchanghuajiyuehuadexianjinyumiaojishu,zaizhezhongxinxingshi,guoneiwaiyeyouxiangguandexuduozhuanjiatourulezhegelingyudeyanjiukaifa,qizhongzuijuxianjinxingyudaibiaoxingdejiushiqianyedaxuedebisuoxingguangziyangjishu,zhexiangjishujichenglemuqianshengwulingyujisuanjilingyujicailiaokejilingyuzhongzuiweixianjindejishu,liyonglezhiwuqiangdadeguangziyangnengli,jianlileyizhongyuchuantongzuzhixiangsidanyouyouhendachaoyueyutigaodexinxingyumiaojishutixiyuliucheng。zaicitongshi,zhejiangshenglishuishinongkesuoyetourulezhechangjishugexindeyanjiuzhong,zaicainaguowaixianjinjishudetongshi,nengjiehewoguoshengchanshiji,bushengbanyingtaoyebumoshouchengui,zaikexueyinjinxiaohuaxishouyuchuangxinjichushang,yanfachushihewoguodangqianyigeshiqishengchanlishuipingdegongchanghuayumiaoxinjishu----植物非試管快繁技術。這種技術在育苗技術指標上基本與國外接近,而成本隻需國外相似技術的1/10,在我國推廣具有實用性與可操作性,現在該技術已在我國大江南北推廣建立了500多duo個ge示shi範fan點dian與yu基ji地di,為wei我wo國guo種zhong苗miao產chan業ye的de發fa展zhan作zuo出chu了le積ji極ji的de貢gong獻xian。如ru果guo有you興xing趣qu的de讀du者zhe,可ke繼ji續xu閱yue讀du,以yi下xia篇pian幅fu將jiang會hui教jiao你ni如ru何he掌zhang握wo與yu運yun用yong這zhe項xiang新xin型xing而er先xian進jin的de育yu苗miao新xin技ji術shu。
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