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一、防立枯病引起死苗。立枯病是旱育秧和拋秧上比較常見的一種病害，往往在秧苗遭受凍傷、抵抗能力下降時出現。表現為晴天葉片卷縮萎蔫、容易折斷，具有侵染性的特征，容易傳染、蔓延和擴散。立枯病還是一種生理性病害，容易在堿性土壤的條件下發生。防止立枯病首先要做到旱育秧和軟盤拋秧不使用火土灰、陳磚灰、草cao木mu灰hui等deng堿jian性xing肥fei料liao，中zhong性xing或huo堿jian性xing的de苗miao床chuang土tu要yao調tiao酸suan。不bu要yao盲mang目mu播bo種zhong過guo早zao，防fang止zhi播bo種zhong後hou可ke能neng遇yu到dao強qiang寒han潮chao天tian氣qi而er出chu現xian凍dong害hai。一yi般ban要yao求qiu氣qi溫wen穩wen定ding在zai11℃以上才播種。並用“敵克鬆”800beiyeduimiaochuangyingyangtujiaotouxiaodu。dimodagongfugaibaowen。bozhonghouyibaowenweizhu，yibanbujiemo。dafengdayuzhuyijishijianzha，rufaxianfengchuifandimo，yaojishibugai。yiye、二葉、三葉期分別用800～1000倍“敵克鬆”液噴灑苗床，預防立枯病兼治綿腐病。如發現立枯病發生嚴重時應立即淹水斷氧。
二、fangyingyangtubanjiesiya。suliaoruanpanyupaoyangbozhonghou，ruguofengchuizouledimo，yingyangtuzaoyuledayuchongdaeryinqiyingyangtubanjie，yinqiqueyang，chumiaolvdi，daliangdezhongyayinqueyangersiwang。bozhonghou，dimofugaiyaoyongtukuaiyalaodimosipang，ruchuifanyaojishibugai。shirunyangtianpeiyuruanpanpaoyangde，zaiyaqiyouqiyaozhuyigouzhongbujishui，fangzhiyangxiangshangzishui。
三、防(fang)漬(zi)水(shui)爛(lan)芽(ya)。漬(zi)水(shui)爛(lan)芽(ya)常(chang)發(fa)生(sheng)在(zai)濕(shi)潤(run)秧(yang)田(tian)上(shang)培(pei)育(yu)拋(pao)秧(yang)。早(zao)稻(dao)拋(pao)秧(yang)播(bo)種(zhong)後(hou)到(dao)現(xian)青(qing)前(qian)，如(ru)溝(gou)中(zhong)蓄(xu)有(you)滿(man)溝(gou)水(shui)，甚(shen)至(zhi)水(shui)漫(man)上(shang)了(le)秧(yang)廂(xiang)，引(yin)起(qi)了(le)秧(yang)床(chuang)漬(zi)水(shui)和(he)營(ying)養(yang)土(tu)漬(zi)水(shui)，出(chu)現(xian)缺(que)氧(yang)死(si)芽(ya)現(xian)象(xiang)。因(yin)此(ci)，用(yong)濕(shi)潤(run)秧(yang)田(tian)培(pei)育(yu)拋(pao)秧(yang)苗(miao)的(de)，播(bo)種(zhong)後(hou)到(dao)現(xian)青(qing)前(qian)，一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)做(zuo)到(dao)溝(gou)中(zhong)不(bu)蓄(xu)水(shui)，並(bing)注(zhu)意(yi)加(jia)深(shen)和(he)疏(shu)通(tong)排(pai)水(shui)溝(gou)，做(zuo)到(dao)雨(yu)住(zhu)溝(gou)幹(gan)。二(er)葉(ye)一(yi)心(xin)後(hou)，做(zuo)到(dao)晴(qing)天(tian)滿(man)溝(gou)水(shui)，陰(yin)天(tian)半(ban)溝(gou)水(shui)，雨(yu)天(tian)排(pai)幹(gan)溝(gou)水(shui)。
四、防fang幹gan旱han死si苗miao。旱han育yu秧yang或huo旱han育yu拋pao秧yang播bo種zhong後hou如ru持chi續xu陰yin雨yu天tian，有you些xie農nong戶hu以yi為wei床chuang土tu不bu缺que水shui，苗miao床chuang沒mei澆jiao水shui，因yin而er導dao致zhi缺que水shui幹gan旱han，出chu苗miao遲chi且qie不bu整zheng齊qi，不bu能neng吸xi收shou表biao土tu層ceng以yi下xia水shui分fen。因yin此ci旱han苗miao育yu秧yang三san葉ye期qi以yi前qian一yi定ding要yao每mei隔ge6天左右澆1次水，保持苗床水分充足。
五、防fang青qing枯ku死si苗miao。地di膜mo覆fu蓋gai期qi間jian因yin膜mo內nei溫wen度du過guo低di出chu現xian冷leng害hai或huo過guo高gao造zao成cheng燒shao苗miao，特te別bie是shi驟zhou晴qing後hou因yin土tu壤rang溫wen度du低di和he根gen係xi受shou傷shang而er吸xi水shui不bu足zu，而er氣qi溫wen驟zhou升sheng大da量liang蒸zheng騰teng失shi水shui造zao成cheng生sheng理li死si苗miao。因yin此ci現xian青qing後hou一yi定ding要yao注zhu意yi晴qing天tian揭jie膜mo通tong風feng降jiang溫wen，注zhu意yi澆jiao水shui保bao濕shi。驟zhou晴qing時shi注zhu意yi用yong部bu分fen稻dao草cao蓋gai膜mo遮zhe蔭yin降jiang溫wen，煉lian苗miao後hou才cai能neng揭jie走zou膜mo。
