入(ru)冬(dong)後(hou),秋(qiu)季(ji)栽(zai)培(pei)的(de)平(ping)菇(gu)采(cai)收(shou)期(qi)並(bing)未(wei)結(jie)束(shu),但(dan)往(wang)往(wang)受(shou)自(zi)然(ran)氣(qi)候(hou)的(de)製(zhi)約(yue),出(chu)菇(gu)量(liang)和(he)生(sheng)長(chang)速(su)度(du)與(yu)氣(qi)溫(wen)適(shi)宜(yi)期(qi)相(xiang)比(bi)均(jun)有(you)所(suo)下(xia)降(jiang)。特(te)別(bie)是(shi)遇(yu)到(dao)冬(dong)旱(han)年(nian)份(fen),低(di)溫(wen)加(jia)上(shang)低(di)濕(shi),如(ru)果(guo)管(guan)理(li)不(bu)當(dang),將(jiang)導(dao)致(zhi)出(chu)現(xian)僵(jiang)菇(gu)和(he)畸(ji)形(xing)菇(gu)等(deng)現(xian)象(xiang)。
一、科學用水
當氣溫低於5℃、相對濕度低於70%時,菌絲體的代謝功能會明顯減弱,子實體的生長速度也會顯著下降。此時培養料的基質含水量應控製在60%以內為宜,床麵噴水量也應相應減少,重點應以提高空氣的相對濕度為主,使菇棚或菇房的相對濕度達到85%~90%。濕(shi)度(du)小(xiao)時(shi)菇(gu)體(ti)生(sheng)長(chang)速(su)度(du)較(jiao)慢(man),不(bu)僅(jin)會(hui)延(yan)長(chang)其(qi)生(sheng)長(chang)周(zhou)期(qi),而(er)且(qie)也(ye)會(hui)降(jiang)低(di)其(qi)產(chan)量(liang)。此(ci)外(wai),菇(gu)體(ti)幹(gan)燥(zao)時(shi)其(qi)品(pin)質(zhi)也(ye)會(hui)很(hen)差(cha)。每(mei)天(tian)當(dang)氣(qi)溫(wen)較(jiao)高(gao)時(shi)才(cai)可(ke)向(xiang)空(kong)間(jian)、地麵、牆壁等處噴水,以提高菇棚或菇房內的濕度。
二、雙膜覆蓋
在室外進行小拱棚栽培的,如遇到低溫寒潮、大da風feng降jiang溫wen天tian氣qi,覆fu蓋gai雙shuang層ceng薄bo膜mo的de菇gu床chuang增zeng溫wen保bao溫wen效xiao果guo好hao。有you條tiao件jian的de可ke在zai小xiao拱gong棚peng上shang搭da蓋gai塑su料liao大da棚peng,沒mei有you條tiao件jian的de可ke在zai小xiao拱gong棚peng膜mo上shang加jia蓋gai厚hou草cao苫shan,再zai在zai草cao苫shan上shang覆fu蓋gai一yi層ceng薄bo膜mo。實shi踐jian證zheng明ming,用yong雙shuang層ceng薄bo膜mo覆fu蓋gai的de菇gu床chuang,其qi溫wen度du比bi單dan層ceng膜mo覆fu蓋gai的de要yao高gao出chu3℃~5℃,可明顯加快菇體生長速度,提高平菇產量。
三、補充養分
采收了第一茬菇後,培養料的養分、水分會明顯下降,再生長的菇體多出現蓋薄、柄細、單生、叢小、色淺、gutiguiliedengxianxiang,zheyuliaoneiyangfenheshuifenyanzhongbuzuyijijunsitifenjieyangfennenglixiajiangyouzhezhijieguanxi。zaidongjiqiwendishi,kejiehebuchongshuifenxiangpeiyangliaoneizengbu3%的黃豆漿液、10%的淘米水、0.5%的尿素液,以調節培養料的碳氮比,增強菌絲的活性,達到提高產量和質量的目的。
四、合理通風
在zai寒han冷leng的de冬dong季ji,菌jun絲si體ti和he子zi實shi體ti並bing未wei停ting止zhi生sheng長chang,仍reng然ran進jin行xing著zhe代dai謝xie作zuo用yong,因yin此ci千qian萬wan不bu可ke忽hu視shi菇gu棚peng或huo菇gu房fang的de通tong風feng換huan氣qi工gong作zuo。每mei天tian應ying結jie合he噴pen水shui或huo采cai菇gu時shi進jin行xing通tong風feng換huan氣qi,把ba菇gu棚peng或huo菇gu房fang內nei的de二er氧yang化hua碳tan含han量liang降jiang到dao最zui低di限xian度du,確que保bao菇gu棚peng內nei空kong氣qi新xin鮮xian,每mei天tian在zai氣qi溫wen較jiao高gao時shi通tong風feng1~2小時。
五、料麵覆蓋
beifangdiqudongjiqiwenduozailingxiajidushenzhishijidu,zhexiediqudedongjiguanliyingzaiqiugujieshuzhihou,shipeiyangliaochuyujiaoweiganzaodezhuangtai,zaijiehedagansongdongliaomian,paichupeiyangliaozhongdefeiqi,bingshidangbuchongyangfenhetiaozhengpeiyangliaodepH值,然後在料麵薄膜上覆蓋10~15厘米厚的土層或20厘米厚的幹淨草層,以利保溫,嚴防料麵結冰而凍傷菌絲。室內栽培的應保持室溫5℃左右,待開春溫度回升後揭開覆蓋物再進行正常管理。
手機版




