春季養殖青蝦,具有成本低、效益高,充分利用空閑池塘,資金周轉快的優勢是漁區群眾增加收入的一條好途徑。
一、適時分池
一般情況下,3月份水溫上升~14~C時,青蝦開始攝食,因此青蝦越冬後,於2月末3月初就應及時分池放養。池塘在青蝦放養前10-20天幹塘清整。挖除過多淤泥,施用優質塊狀生石灰化漿均勻潑灑消毒,放蝦前7天池內注水60-70em,畝施充分發酵的有機肥200kg進行肥水,同時池內適當移植水生植物,或設置經消毒處理的樹枝等供青蝦隱蔽、攀附、棲息。水草等宜植於離岸一米的淺水區,其麵積不超過總水麵的30%。蝦種放養,畝放規格為每kgl000-2000隻的幼蝦2萬隻左右,同池蝦種要求:規格一致,體色鮮亮,肢體完整,體質健壯,無病無傷。同一池內要一次放足,放種時堅持帶水操作,小心輕放,避免蝦體受傷。
二、水質管理
青蝦不耐低氧,喜生活於水質清新、溶氧豐富的水域環境中,當水體中溶氧含量在5mg,I升以上時,青蝦的攝食強度大,新陳代謝旺盛,生長迅速;而當溶氧低於2.5mgLshi,qingxiazhujiantingzhisheshi,shenzhifutouzaochengsiwang。yinci,gaohaoxiachishuizhiguanli,weiqingxiadeshengchangtigongyigelianghaodeshuiyuhuanjingzhiguanzhongyao。gaohaoshuizhiguanli,yaozuohaoyixiajifangmiandegongzuo。yishiyaodingqizhuruxinshui,xiazhongruchihou,mei10天左右注水一次,每次15-20cm,水位達lm以上時,可適時換水,每次換水量約l/3,一般不超過10天就需換水一次,使池水的透明度保持在40cm左zuo右you。二er是shi合he理li追zhui施shi肥fei料liao,春chun季ji池chi水shui水shui質zhi往wang往wang偏pian瘦shou,應ying根gen據ju水shui質zhi情qing況kuang適shi時shi追zhui施shi肥fei料liao,以yi充chong分fen發fa酵jiao的de有you機ji肥fei效xiao果guo為wei好hao,便bian於yu培pei養yang適shi合he青qing蝦xia攝she食shi的de天tian然ran餌er料liao,並bing保bao持chi水shui質zhi“肥活爽”的de狀zhuang態tai,有you利li於yu促cu進jin青qing蝦xia生sheng長chang。三san是shi適shi當dang控kong製zhi水shui域yu中zhong水shui生sheng植zhi物wu的de數shu量liang。春chun季ji隨sui水shui溫wen升sheng高gao,水shui生sheng植zhi物wu生sheng長chang趨qu於yu茂mao盛sheng,應ying根gen據ju水shui生sheng植zhi物wu長chang勢shi情qing況kuang,及ji時shi清qing除chu過guo多duo的de水shui生sheng植zhi物wu,使shi其qi麵mian積ji不bu超chao過guo總zong水shui麵mian的de1/3。四適時施用生石灰改良水質,並補充水域中鈣的不足,促進青蝦蛻殼生長。
三、餌料投喂
水溫14℃shiqingxiajiukeyisheshi,yingjishitoueryoushi,shiqingxiajinzaokaishi,kaishishikexuanyongshikoudekelierliao,shaoliangpaocheyuchizhoubianqianshuidai,zhubuyinyouqingxiazaiqianshuiqushuicaodaishangsheshi。erliaoyiquanjiapeihekelierliaoweihao,buyishiyongfenzhuangerliao,yimianqingxiabubianqushi,zaochenglangfeibingwuranshuizhi。erliaopeifangzhongyizhiwuxingerliaoweizhu,rudoubing、麩皮、米糠、酒糟等,配以30%的動物性餌料如魚粉、血粉等,並添加適量的骨粉、蚌殼粉、多維素、礦物鹽等,滿足青蝦對各類營養物質的需求。水溫20℃以下時日投餌一次,20℃以上時日投兩次,上午占總量的30%,下午占總量的70%,投喂一次主要是下午投喂,滿足青蝦晚上攝食的習性,日投餌量一般為蝦體重的2%-3%。具體投飼時,要堅持“定質、定量、定時、定位”的四定原則,還要根據天氣、水質、蝦的活動情況及吃食情況等靈活掌握,適時調整投餌量,既要保證青蝦吃飽吃好,又不會造成餌料浪費。
四、防病防害
yaojianchimeitiansancixuntang,faxianwentijishicaiquyingduicuoshi,yaosuishilaochuchineizawuwuwu,baochichitangneidehuanjingweisheng,jinpaishuikouyaoshezhiguolvwang,chudihairuchiheqingxiataoyi。xiazhongrenchihou,keyu3yuezhongxunquanchibiansayicishajunyaowu,rupiaobaifenhuohuoxingdiandeng,fangzhixiazhongfangyangshiyinsunshangeryinqixijunxingganran。ruqingxiafashengjishengchongbingdengbinghaishi,yaoxianshachong,yizhouhouzaishajunyici,yimianyinjishengchongdeweihaijifaxijunxingbinghai。shichangyaodingshiqingjie、消xiao毒du,減jian少shao病bing菌jun孳zi生sheng機ji會hui。春chun季ji氣qi溫wen驟zhou變bian或huo連lian續xu陰yin天tian,易yi造zao成cheng池chi塘tang缺que氧yang,在zai巡xun池chi時shi要yao密mi切qie關guan注zhu,有you缺que氧yang征zheng兆zhao要yao及ji時shi加jia注zhu新xin水shui或huo機ji械xie增zeng氧yang,以yi免mian池chi塘tang缺que氧yang造zao成cheng青qing蝦xia浮fu頭tou死si亡wang。
五、輪捕上市
春季養殖青蝦,一般到4yuedijiuyoubufenqingxiadadaoshangshiguige,kegenjutiaojianlunbushangshi,jinengxishuchineiqingxiademidu,liyucuntangxiadeshengchang,youkejunhengshangshi,tigaoyangzhixiaoyi。yibancaiyongxialong、小池籠等漁具起捕,前一天傍晚布置漁具,次日早晨收集漁具,快速分撿青蝦,幼蝦及時放回池內,成蝦入水充氧、活體上市。2-3天輪捕一次,至6月底幹塘捕淨,如不從中選留親蝦,可全部上市,不必再選留幼蝦作種。
手機版




