羊(yang)肺(fei)絲(si)蟲(chong)病(bing)是(shi)由(you)絲(si)狀(zhuang)肺(fei)蟲(chong)寄(ji)生(sheng)於(yu)支(zhi)氣(qi)管(guan)內(nei)引(yin)起(qi),此(ci)病(bing)多(duo)發(fa)生(sheng)於(yu)夏(xia)秋(qiu)季(ji),綿(mian)羊(yang)和(he)山(shan)羊(yang)都(dou)可(ke)發(fa)生(sheng)。病(bing)羊(yang)主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)支(zhi)氣(qi)管(guan)肺(fei)炎(yan)症(zheng)狀(zhuang)。病(bing)初(chu)幹(gan)咳(ke),以(yi)後(hou)逐(zhu)漸(jian)變(bian)為(wei)濕(shi)咳(ke),鼻(bi)流(liu)黏(nian)性(xing)鼻(bi)液(ye),體(ti)溫(wen)一(yi)般(ban)正(zheng)常(chang),嚴(yan)重(zhong)時(shi)可(ke)上(shang)升(sheng)到(dao)40℃以上,食欲減退,逐漸消瘦。此種寄生蟲對羊的危害很大,需加強防治。
1.病(bing)原(yuan)。該(gai)病(bing)原(yuan)是(shi)絲(si)狀(zhuang)網(wang)尾(wei)線(xian)蟲(chong),寄(ji)生(sheng)於(yu)羊(yang)的(de)支(zhi)氣(qi)管(guan)內(nei),致(zhi)病(bing)力(li)強(qiang),危(wei)害(hai)很(hen)大(da)。成(cheng)蟲(chong)產(chan)卵(luan)於(yu)支(zhi)氣(qi)管(guan)或(huo)氣(qi)管(guan)內(nei),卵(luan)在(zai)肺(fei)內(nei)發(fa)育(yu)成(cheng)含(han)有(you)幼(you)蟲(chong)的(de)卵(luan),在(zai)咳(ke)嗽(sou)時(shi)隨(sui)著(zhe)痰(tan)液(ye)到(dao)達(da)口(kou)腔(qiang),然(ran)後(hou)再(zai)咽(yan)入(ru)消(xiao)化(hua)道(dao),一(yi)小(xiao)部(bu)分(fen)蟲(chong)卵(luan)可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)咳(ke)嗽(sou)於(yu)體(ti)外(wai)發(fa)育(yu)為(wei)幼(you)蟲(chong),在(zai)消(xiao)化(hua)道(dao)內(nei)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)含(han)幼(you)蟲(chong)的(de)卵(luan)可(ke)發(fa)育(yu)為(wei)幼(you)蟲(chong),隨(sui)糞(fen)便(bian)排(pai)到(dao)體(ti)外(wai)。幼(you)蟲(chong)在(zai)適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)發(fa)育(yu)為(wei)侵(qin)襲(xi)性(xing)幼(you)蟲(chong)。侵(qin)襲(xi)性(xing)幼(you)蟲(chong)爬(pa)上(shang)青(qing)草(cao)或(huo)進(jin)入(ru)水(shui)中(zhong),當(dang)羊(yang)吃(chi)了(le)這(zhe)種(zhong)草(cao)或(huo)飲(yin)入(ru)這(zhe)種(zhong)水(shui)後(hou),即(ji)受(shou)到(dao)感(gan)染(ran)。進(jin)入(ru)羊(yang)消(xiao)化(hua)道(dao)的(de)幼(you)蟲(chong)脫(tuo)出(chu)囊(nang)鞘(qiao),鑽(zuan)到(dao)腸(chang)淋(lin)巴(ba)管(guan),經(jing)腸(chang)係(xi)膜(mo)淋(lin)巴(ba)結(jie)進(jin)入(ru)血(xue)液(ye),最(zui)後(hou)進(jin)入(ru)支(zhi)氣(qi)管(guan)內(nei)發(fa)育(yu)為(wei)成(cheng)蟲(chong)。再(zai)重(zhong)複(fu)其(qi)生(sheng)活(huo)史(shi),擴(kuo)大(da)傳(chuan)染(ran)。
2.linchuangzhengzhuang。bingyangkaishibiaoxianduanergandekesou。zuichugebieyangkesou,yihoubojiduoshu,kesoucishuyizhujianzengduo,youshikechunianchouhanyouchongluanjiyouchongdetanye。zaiyundonghouheyejianxiuxishikesougengweimingxian。zaiyangquanfujinkeyitingdaohuanyanghuxikunnan,huxirulafengxiang。changjianhuanyangbikongliuchunianxingyeti。tingzhenfeibuyoushixingluoyin,changbingfafeiyan。huanbingjiudeyang,biaoxianshiyujianshao,shentishouruo,beimaoganzaoerculuan。xiwodishang,buyuanxingzou。suizhebingshidefazhan,zhujianfashengfuxiejipinxue,yanjian、下頜、胸下和四肢出現水腫,最後由於嚴重消瘦而死亡。當蟲體與黏液纏繞成團而堵塞喉頭時,亦可因窒息而死亡。
3.剖pou檢jian。屍shi體ti消xiao瘦shou及ji貧pin血xue,主zhu要yao病bing變bian在zai肺fei髒zang。肺fei的de邊bian緣yuan有you肉rou樣yang硬ying度du的de小xiao結jie節jie,顏yan色se發fa白bai,突tu出chu於yu肺fei的de表biao麵mian。肺fei的de底di部bu有you透tou明ming的de大da斑ban塊kuai,形xing狀zhuang不bu整zheng齊qi,周zhou圍wei充chong血xue。支zhi氣qi管guan和he氣qi管guan內nei充chong有you黃huang白bai色se或huo紅hong色se黏nian液ye,其qi中zhong含han有you很hen多duo伸shen直zhi或huo成cheng團tuan的de蟲chong體ti。支zhi氣qi管guan和he氣qi管guan的de黏nian膜mo腫zhong脹zhang而er充chong血xue,並bing有you小xiao點dian狀zhuang出chu血xue。
4.診斷。本病跟感冒、支氣管炎診斷要區別開,本病一般體溫不高,病程較長,聽診肺部有濕囉音,而感冒、支氣管炎炎症一般僅在大支氣管。化驗室糞便鏡檢可見到活動的幼蟲。
5.防治方法。放牧是引起本病的主要原因,雖然國家已禁牧,但仍有很多地方沒有嚴格舍飼,舍飼後本病發生率將明顯降低;青草要先晾曬後再飼喂,不飲汙水;對糞便進行發酵處理,以殺死幼蟲;每月驅蟲,阿維菌素皮下注射0.2毫克/公斤或0.6毫克/公斤混飼。
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