有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)有(you)很(hen)多(duo)定(ding)義(yi)
，目(mu)前(qian)要(yao)用(yong)簡(jian)短(duan)而(er)明(ming)確(que)的(de)語(yu)句(ju)來(lai)表(biao)達(da)有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)的(de)概(gai)念(nian)還(hai)不(bu)容(rong)易(yi)，通(tong)常(chang)人(ren)們(men)采(cai)用(yong)有(you)機(ji)農(nong)民(min)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)或(huo)不(bu)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)或(huo)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)來(lai)定(ding)義(yi)有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)
，因(yin)此(ci)把(ba)有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)簡(jian)稱(cheng)為(wei)不(bu)使(shi)用(yong)化(hua)學(xue)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)農(nong)業(ye)。該(gai)定(ding)義(yi)盡(jin)管(guan)簡(jian)練(lian)明(ming)確(que)，但(dan)忽(hu)視(shi)了(le)有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)的(de)精(jing)華(hua)。會(hui)給(gei)初(chu)次(ci)接(jie)觸(chu)有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)概(gai)念(nian)的(de)人(ren)們(men)帶(dai)來(lai)一(yi)些(xie)誤(wu)解(jie)。    
   
  歐洲把有機農業描述為：yizhongtongguoshiyongyoujifeiliaoheshidangdegengzuocuoshi，yidadaotigaoturangdechangxiaofeilidexitong。youjinongyeshengchanzhongrengrankeyishiyongyouxiandekuangwuzhi
，danbuyunxushiyonghuaxuefeiliao。tongguozirandefangfaerbushitongguohuaxuewuzhikongzhizacaohebingchonghai。     
  
  meiguonongyebudeguanyuanzaikaochaouzhoudeyoujinongyezhihou，geiyoujinongyexialeyigebijiaoqueqiededingyi，jiyoujinongyeshiyizhongwanquanbuyonghuojibenbuyongrengonghechengdefeiliao、農藥、生產調節劑和畜禽飼料添加劑和生產體係。在這一體係中，在最大的可行範圍內盡可能地采用作物輪作、作物秸杆、畜禽烘肥、豆科作物

、綠肥、nongchangyiwaideyoujifeiqiwuheshengwufangzhibingchonghaidefangfalaibaochiturangshengchanlihegengxing
，gonggeizuowuyingyangbingfangzhibingchonghaihezacaodeyizhongnongye。jinguangaidingyihaibugouquanmian，dangaidingyimiaoshuleyoujinongyedezhuyaotezheng
，guidingleyoujinongminbunengzuoshenme，yinggaizuoshenme。   
   
    國際有機農業運動聯合會（IFOAM）給有機農業下的定義為：     有機農業包括所有能促進環境、社會和經濟良性發展的農業生產係統。這些係統將妝地土壤肥力作為成功生產的關鍵。通過尊重植物
、動物和景觀的自然能力，達到使農業和環境各方麵質量都最完善的目標。有機農業通過禁止使用化學合成的肥料
、nongyaoheyaopinerjidadijianshaowaibuwuzhitouru，xiangfanliyongqiangyoulideziranguilvlaizengjianongyechanlianghekangbingnengli。youjinongyejianchishijiepubiankejieshoudeyuanze，bingjudangdideshehuijingji、地理氣候和文化背景具體實施。因此，IFOAM強調和運行發展當地和地區水平的自我支持係統。從這個定義可以看出有機農業的目的是達到環境
、社she會hui和he經jing濟ji三san大da效xiao益yi的de協xie調tiao發fa展zhan。有you機ji農nong業ye非fei常chang注zhu重zhong當dang地di土tu壤rang的de質zhi量liang，注zhu重zhong係xi統tong內nei營ying養yang物wu質zhi的de循xun環huan，注zhu重zhong農nong業ye生sheng產chan要yao遵zun循xun自zi然ran規gui律lv，並bing強qiang調tiao因yin地di製zhi宜yi的de原yuan則ze。   
   
    zongguanyishangjizhongduiyoujinongyedingyidemiaoshu
，keyirenweiyoujinongyeshengchanshiyizhongqiangtiaoyishengwuxueheshengtaixueweililunjichubingjujueshiyonghuaxuepindenongyeshengchanmoshi。youjinongyedetediankeguinaweisandian：
（1）建立一種多種種養結合的農業生產體係；
（2）係統內土壤

、植物
、動物和人類是相互聯係的有機整體；
（3）采用土地（生態環境）右以承受的方法進行耕作。   
   
     對有機農業的理解，容易產生以下幾方麵的誤解：   
  第一、有機農業就是指不用化學合成物質的農業。如果把有機農業簡單地說成為“在生產過程中，不使用人工合成的肥料、農藥
、生長調節劑和飼料添加劑的農業”是shi不bu正zheng確que的de。有you機ji農nong業ye強qiang調tiao持chi續xu生sheng產chan體ti係xi的de建jian立li。不bu采cai取qu任ren何he管guan理li措cuo施shi的de農nong業ye生sheng產chan體ti係xi是shi不bu能neng持chi續xu發fa展zhan下xia去qu的de，因yin此ci不bu是shi有you機ji農nong業ye生sheng產chan。   
  第二、youjinongyejiushichuantongnongye，fazhanyoujinongyeshizaizouhuitoulu。zheyidianshijuedaduoshurenchucijiechuyoujinongyegainianshizuiyichanshengdewujie，yeshishouxianbixuchengqingdeshishi。youjinongyeshiyouyixiekexuejia
、哲學家為了保護我們賴以生存的土壤
，生產健康的作物和食品的背景下提出來的
，在世界經曆了“石油農業”帶來的能源、環境和儀器安全危機之後得以大力提倡和發展並超越現代農業思想的一種農業生產模式。它隻有在生物學、生(sheng)態(tai)學(xue)發(fa)展(zhan)到(dao)一(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)度(du)
，在(zai)人(ren)們(men)認(ren)識(shi)到(dao)人(ren)與(yu)自(zi)然(ran)的(de)關(guan)係(xi)隻(zhi)有(you)協(xie)調(tiao)起(qi)來(lai)才(cai)能(neng)促(cu)進(jin)人(ren)類(lei)進(jin)步(bu)與(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)之(zhi)後(hou)才(cai)可(ke)能(neng)得(de)到(dao)認(ren)同(tong)和(he)推(tui)廣(guang)。因(yin)此(ci)可(ke)以(yi)說(shuo)有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)是(shi)人(ren)們(men)在(zai)高(gao)度(du)發(fa)達(da)的(de)科(ke)學(xue)技(ji)術(shu)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)重(zhong)新(xin)審(shen)視(shi)人(ren)與(yu)自(zi)然(ran)關(guan)係(xi)的(de)結(jie)果(guo)，而(er)不(bu)是(shi)複(fu)古(gu)和(he)倒(dao)退(tui)。有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)拒(ju)絕(jue)使(shi)用(yong)農(nong)用(yong)化(hua)學(xue)品(pin)，但(dan)決(jue)不(bu)是(shi)拒(ju)絕(jue)科(ke)學(xue)

，相(xiang)反(fan)它(ta)是(shi)建(jian)立(li)在(zai)應(ying)用(yong)現(xian)代(dai)生(sheng)物(wu)學(xue)

、生(sheng)態(tai)學(xue)知(zhi)識(shi)

，應(ying)用(yong)現(xian)代(dai)農(nong)業(ye)機(ji)械(xie)，作(zuo)物(wu)品(pin)種(zhong)

，現(xian)代(dai)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理(li)方(fang)法(fa)和(he)水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)持(chi)技(ji)術(shu)，以(yi)及(ji)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)有(you)機(ji)廢(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)和(he)作(zuo)物(wu)秸(jie)杆(gan)和(he)處(chu)理(li)技(ji)術(shu)，生(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)治(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)和(he)實(shi)踐(jian)。人(ren)們(men)聽(ting)到(dao)作(zuo)物(wu)生(sheng)產(chan)力(li)不(bu)用(yong)農(nong)藥(yao)、化肥就覺得不可思議，正是現代農業過分依賴化學和工業技術，忽略了環境和生態的體現。   
  第三、有機方法種植的作物產量肯定比現代種植的產量低。應該承認，在有機農業生產體係建立期間（有機轉換期間），youjizuowudechanliangtongchanghuibichangguizuowudechanliangdi。dancongchangyuanlaikan，yidanjianliliangxingdeyoujinongyeshengchantixi，youjishengchandezuowuchanliangbingbuyidinghuibichangguizuowuchanliangdi，zhenggeyoujitixideshengchanliyidinggaoyuchangguitixideshengchanli。erqiechanlianggaodiyeshiyixiangduidegainian，tongguochaoguoxitongkechengshoudewaibuwuzidetourulaihuodeguogaodechanliangbingbushiyoujinongyezhuiqiudemubiao。    
 第四、有機農業和作物品質低、yingyangcha。xianzairenmentongchangrenwei，youyuzaiyoujinongyeshengchanzhongbuyunxushiyonghuaxuefeiliao，zuowuzaishengchangzhongyingyangyuansugongyingbugou
，yincizuowuchangshikendingbuhao
，chanpinzhiliangkendingcha。youjinongyeqiangtiaozhongzhiyedepingheng，yijiyoujishengchantixineiyangfendexunhuanhebuchong，tongguoyoujishengchancuoshipeifeiturangfeili

，jianlidaixudezuowuyingyangwuzhigongyingtixi。yinciyidanyoujinongyeshengchantixijiancheng
，bingxingchengliangxingxunhuan，zuowuzaishengchangzhongkeyicongxitongzhonghuodechongfendewanquanyingyang
，erchangguizuowushengchantongchangjinzhongshishaoshujizhongyingyangyuansudegongying，yixiezuowushengchangdebixuyingyangwuzhinanyidedaobuchong

，daozhichanpindekouweiheyingyangbuhao
，yinciyoujizhongzhidezuowupinzhibuhuibichangguidezuowucha，xiangfanyoujishengchandechanpinqikouganhao
、味道正是人們的普遍常識。    
  第五、youjishipinyidingshiwuwuran，buhanhuaxuecanliuwuzhi。shipinshifouyouwuranwuzhishiyigexiangduidegainian。ziranjiezhongbucunzaijueduibuhanrenhewuranwuzhideshipin。suizhegaojingmifenxiyiqidejiancexiandetigao
，ziranjiezhongjishizaiyouzhideshipin，yehuoduohuoshaodihanyouyixiewuranwuzhiyinggaishuo，youjishipinzhongwuranwuzhidehanliangbiputongshipindi。danyoujishipinbingbushijueduiwuwuran。qiangtiaoyoujishipindewuwurantexing，jinhuidaozhirenmenguofenzhongshiduihuanjinghezhongchanpindewuranzhuangkuangdefenxi，erhushiduizhenggeshengchanguochengdequanchengzhiliangkongzhi。    
 第六、有(you)機(ji)農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)簡(jian)單(dan)地(di)用(yong)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)替(ti)代(dai)化(hua)肥(fei)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)。為(wei)了(le)替(ti)代(dai)化(hua)肥(fei)
，在(zai)有(you)機(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)需(xu)要(yao)使(shi)用(yong)大(da)量(liang)的(de)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)。如(ru)果(guo)不(bu)注(zhu)意(yi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)和(he)科(ke)學(xue)施(shi)用(yong)方(fang)法(fa)和(he)用(yong)量(liang)，例(li)如(ru)過(guo)量(liang)使(shi)用(yong)或(huo)過(guo)多(duo)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)恰(qia)當(dang)，其(qi)後(hou)果(guo)不(bu)僅(jin)要(yao)影(ying)響(xiang)作(zuo)物(wu)的(de)生(sheng)長(chang)，還(hai)會(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)作(zuo)物(wu)的(de)品(pin)質(zhi)，使(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)易(yi)受(shou)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)和(he)危(wei)害(hai)，也(ye)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)環(huan)境(jing)汙(wu)染(ran)。    
 第七、有you機ji農nong業ye勞lao動dong力li投tou入ru多duo，成cheng本ben高gao。應ying該gai承cheng認ren
，有you機ji農nong業ye所suo需xu的de勞lao動dong力li投tou入ru要yao比bi常chang規gui農nong業ye投tou入ru多duo得de多duo，特te別bie表biao現xian在zai利li用yong農nong業ye廢fei棄qi物wu時shi的de勞lao動dong力li投tou入ru。有you機ji農nong業ye生sheng產chan充chong分fen利li用yong了le農nong業ye係xi統tong的de廢fei棄qi物wu，減jian輕qing了le對dui環huan境jing的de汙wu染ran，從cong而er減jian小xiao了le社she會hui用yong於yu治zhi理li環huan境jing汙wu染ran所suo花hua費fei的de費fei用yong，減jian輕qing了le由you於yu環huan境jing汙wu染ran對dui人ren體ti健jian康kang和he社she會hui造zao成cheng的de直zhi接jie和he間jian接jie經jing濟ji損sun失shi。人ren們men在zai計ji算suan有you機ji農nong業ye和he常chang規gui農nong業ye的de投tou入ru時shi
，往wang往wang忽hu視shi了le這zhe些xie投tou入ru的de真zhen正zheng價jia值zhi。