(一)選xuan好hao品pin種zhong。在zai品pin種zhong選xuan擇ze上shang應ying以yi抗kang逆ni性xing強qiang和he穩wen產chan高gao產chan為wei主zhu要yao著zhe眼yan點dian,既ji早zao熟shu性xing好hao,又you有you高gao產chan潛qian力li,而er且qie受shou災zai後hou恢hui複fu快kuai,具ju備bei這zhe幾ji條tiao的de品pin種zhong應ying成cheng為wei首shou選。
(二)zaibozhongshiqineipianwanbozhong。jiangdijiduantianqiduimianmiaodeyingxiang,guibimiaoqifengxian。mianhuachengshuzaowanbuwanquanqujueyubozhongzaowan,buyaoyikanshengwenlijibozhong,zaiqiwenweiwendingqian,yichangshengwenhoubiyoujiangwen;要靠安全使用除草劑、營養劑拌種、苗期勤中耕等措施,促苗壯長。
(三)genjubutongpinzhongtexingheturangfeili,heliliumiao。leiqihuakong,kongzhizhugao,meizhushaoliuguozhi,jishidading,buyaofangdake,bajielingderenwuyougetihequntigongtongfendan。
(四)應掌握的生育進程:冀中南和魯西北地區一般應於6月上旬現蕾,7月上旬開花,7月15—20日完成打頂,8月20日去掉尚未開花的蕾,將斷花期前移,以規避後期低溫、幹旱、風雹、暴雨等極端天氣風險,使棉花結鈴盛期集中在7月10日—8月20日的40天時間內。提前斷花還能促進早秋桃的發育。幾年的實踐證明,8月下旬結的鈴鈴重明顯降低,晚桃風險大,盡量不留。
(五)協調好氮、磷、鉀肥的關係。磷有降低營養體和促早熟的作用,鉀能防病防早衰,這兩種肥料都能增強棉株的抗逆性,應在底肥中施足;氮肥應在棉株開花結鈴後重點追施,在苗期和蕾期控製施用,以防營養體過大,影響棉株正常的開花結鈴。
(六)運用好促控手段。促控棉花除靠水、肥、中耕等措施,還靠生長調節劑。棉株受到不利條件影響造成生長緩慢甚至停滯,或因風雹等襲擊破壞棉花生長時,就要噴施生長素(亦稱赤黴素、920)促其加速生長;生sheng長chang素su隻zhi能neng加jia快kuai細xi胞bao分fen裂lie,並bing不bu給gei棉mian株zhu提ti供gong營ying養yang,所suo以yi要yao結jie合he施shi用yong營ying養yang劑ji。有you時shi棉mian株zhu生sheng長chang快kuai,但dan營ying養yang又you不bu足zu,就jiu需xu要yao既ji噴pen縮suo節jie胺an,又you加jia營ying養yang素su,這zhe並bing不bu矛mao盾dun。
(七)及時嚴格防治病蟲害。棉花苗期病害、角斑病、二代棉鈴蟲、棉盲蝽、棉紅蜘蛛、後期棉薊馬、爛鈴問題、quepengwentideng,jinnianlaizaiyixiemianqudouyoujiazhongfashengdequshi。bingchonghaiyidankaishifasheng,yaojishiyangechuzhi,bunengyiwushijian,yebunengmangmuhunpeihejiadayaoliang,yifangyingxiangmianhuazhengchangshengyu。
(八)wanshanjianhuazhengzhidengjishu。jiduantianqipinfa,duimianhuazhengzhijishutichulexinketi,zheyeshitiaokongmianhuadezhongyaoshouduan。baoliuquanbuyingyangzhidesuoweimianzhengzhifashibukequde,buliyumianhuadezaoshuyouzhi。zaidadaoyudingmiduhebuquemiaodeqingkuangxia,yibuliuyingyangzhiweiyi;棉mian花hua受shou災zai後hou,如ru季ji節jie允yun許xu,要yao先xian促cu營ying養yang體ti生sheng長chang,生sheng長chang到dao一yi定ding程cheng度du也ye要yao修xiu整zheng,隻zhi保bao留liu有you效xiao花hua蕾lei,不bu要yao打da心xin過guo晚wan。此ci外wai,要yao結jie合he中zhong耕geng進jin行xing開kai溝gou培pei土tu,做zuo到dao旱han能neng澆jiao,澇lao能neng排pai,還hai能neng預yu防fang倒dao伏fu。
手機版




