夏(xia)季(ji)高(gao)溫(wen)多(duo)雨(yu)
，陽(yang)光(guang)充(chong)足(zu)，有(you)利(li)於(yu)葉(ye)片(pian)的(de)光(guang)合(he)作(zuo)用(yong)，是(shi)作(zuo)物(wu)快(kuai)速(su)生(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)和(he)作(zuo)物(wu)營(ying)養(yang)的(de)最(zui)大(da)效(xiao)率(lv)期(qi)。而(er)且(qie)作(zuo)物(wu)光(guang)合(he)作(zuo)用(yong)所(suo)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)碳(tan)水(shui)化(hua)合(he)物(wu)需(xu)要(yao)大(da)量(liang)的(de)氮(dan)素(su)才(cai)能(neng)形(xing)成(cheng)氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)
、danbaizhihehesuan，zheshizhuifei，zuowuduiyangfendexishouheliyongxiaolvdougao。yixiedifangdenongminxihuanjiangzuowuquanshengyuqidedanfei，zuoweijifeizaibozhongshiyicixingshiyong，danfeizaiturangzhongdetingliushijianhenchang，erzuowuqianqishengchangman，xishoushao，jieguozaochengdanfeidesunshi

，dengdaogaowenduoyujijiedaolaishi，zuowujinrukuaisushengchangjieduan，xuyaodaliangyangfen，zheshizaoyishiruturangzhongdedanfei
，yibufenyijingsunshi，yangfengongyingbuzu，huizaochenghouqizuowushengchangtuofeixianxiang
，jiangdichanlianghepinzhi，yincihelizhuifeiduiyutigaozuowuchanliangqizhejiaodazuoyong。danjubizhelejie
，henduonongminzaixiajizhuifeishi
，xiguanyuyuhouxiangdilisashidanfei，renweidanfeihenkuaijiukeronghuadaodili
，zuowukehenkuaijiuxishou，haiyoudezaijiaodishi，zhijiesashi
，zhexiezuofabujinlangfeiledaliangdehuafei，erqiezaochengyanzhongdewuran，yincizaixiajizhuifeishi
，bixujiangjiukexue
，cainengdadaofengchandemude。
 
　　一、要yao根gen據ju土tu壤rang情qing況kuang來lai追zhui肥fei。由you於yu每mei塊kuai土tu壤rang的de結jie構gou各ge不bu相xiang同tong，所suo以yi在zai追zhui肥fei時shi可ke對dui土tu壤rang進jin行xing必bi要yao的de化hua驗yan，根gen據ju土tu壤rang酸suan堿jian度du的de不bu同tong而er確que定ding要yao追zhui施shi化hua肥fei的de種zhong類lei
，從cong而er使shi化hua肥fei達da到dao及ji時shi合he理li的de利li用yong，如ru在zai低di窪wa堿jian地di要yao選xuan用yong硫liu酸suan銨an等deng酸suan性xing化hua肥fei，在zai酸suan性xing土tu壤rang要yao追zhui施shi尿niao素su、碳酸氫銨、氨水等堿性或中性化肥，在保水保肥能力差的沙土和沙壤土，要追施不易揮發的氯化銨
、niaosudenghuafei。tongshizaizhuifeiqinei，yaobawohaoshifeiliang，buyaoyicishizu，kejiangxuyaozhuifeiliangfenjicishiru，jianshaomeicishifeiliang
，bujinkeyifangzhihuafeiguoliangshaomiao，erqiehaikefangzhihuafeihuifaheliushi。
 
　　二

、要根據化肥品種來追肥。大多數化肥是屬於鹽類的
，有酸性
、jianxinghezhongxingzhifen。zaishifeishiyidingyaogenjuhuafeidexingzhihechengfenqubieduidai
，fangzhiyinxuancuohuafeierjianchanhepohuaizuowudepinzhi。lvhuaanyuniaosuhunheshiyongyushuitian
，keyizhixiaohua
，jianshaolinshi，danbukezaiyanziturangshiyong，yimianlvhuawuzaiturangzhongjilei，jiazhongyanhai。lvhuajiaxingfuhefeiliaobunengshizaixigua
、煙草、甜菜和土豆等忌氯化物的作物中，以免降低其產量和品質
，導致西瓜不甜；niaosushiyongyugezhongnongzuowuhegeleiturang，dantazaiturangzhongtongguozhuanhuacainengshifangfeixiao
，beizuowuxishou。yincizaiyongniaosuzuozhuifeishiyaobiqitadanfeitiqianjitian，tongshishenshifutu
，congertigaohuafeideliyonglv。
 
　　三
、要(yao)根(gen)據(ju)不(bu)同(tong)作(zuo)物(wu)來(lai)追(zhui)肥(fei)。不(bu)同(tong)種(zhong)類(lei)的(de)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)甚(shen)至(zhi)是(shi)同(tong)一(yi)作(zuo)物(wu)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)品(pin)種(zhong)，所(suo)需(xu)化(hua)肥(fei)的(de)種(zhong)類(lei)和(he)數(shu)量(liang)都(dou)不(bu)相(xiang)同(tong)。因(yin)此(ci)，要(yao)根(gen)據(ju)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)的(de)種(zhong)類(lei)來(lai)選(xuan)擇(ze)合(he)適(shi)的(de)化(hua)肥(fei)，按(an)需(xu)供(gong)給(gei)。大(da)田(tian)作(zuo)物(wu)主(zhu)要(yao)追(zhui)施(shi)氮(dan)肥(fei)
，經(jing)濟(ji)作(zuo)物(wu)如(ru)蔬(shu)菜(cai)、煙草、葡萄
、棉mian花hua等deng，除chu了le氮dan肥fei還hai要yao追zhui施shi鉀jia肥fei。經jing試shi驗yan，春chun玉yu米mi在zai播bo種zhong時shi將jiang尿niao素su先xian施shi入ru一yi半ban作zuo基ji肥fei，將jiang另ling一yi半ban在zai七qi月yue底di八ba月yue初chu施shi入ru作zuo追zhui肥fei，其qi氮dan肥fei利li用yong率lv可ke提ti高gao10—20個百分點。每種作物所需的追肥量是不同的，水稻每公頃可追肥230—370公斤硫酸銨或180—200公斤尿素，大豆是需要氮肥較多的作物
，根瘤固氮隻能滿足大豆在整個生育期裏需要氮肥的50%左右，及時追施氮肥效果很好
，每公頃可追肥130—170公斤尿素。但氮、鉀肥夏季追施的方法一定要開溝覆土，避免表施氮肥引起的氮素揮發損失和鉀肥在地表因幹濕交替所帶來的鉀固定。
 
　　四、yaoxuanzezuowuzuijiashifeiqilaizhuifei。zhuifeideguanjianwentiyaozhangwogeleinongzuowuyangfendelinjieqihezuidaxiaolvqidexuyao
，haogangyongzaidaorenshang，zaizuowudeyingyangshengqijinxingzhuifei，cishixishouyangfendadaozuigaofeng
，shizhuifeidezuihaoshijian。ruxiaomaidedanlinjieqizaifenniezhiyousuifenhuaqi，linlinjieqizaifennieqi。yumidedanlinjieqizaisuifenhuaqi，linlinjieqizai3-5yeqi。mianhuadanlinlinjieqijunzaixianleichuqiqianhou。zaizuowuyingyangdezuidaxiaolvqinei，zuowuduimouyizhonghuojizhongyangfendexuqiuliangzuiduo
，cishishiyonghuafeizuinengfahuiqizengchanqianli。ruxiaomaishidanfeidezuidaxiaolvqizaibajiezhichousuiqi，zaisanyeqiyingzhuishiyicidanfei，dadoukezaichuhuaqizhuifeiercidanfei
，kejianshaoluohualuojialv
，bingnengyanchangzhizhudeshouming，zengjializhonghechanliang
；玉米在拔節後至大喇叭口期是吸收營養的高峰期，應追施第二次肥，或在抽穗前追施第二次肥；水稻應在返青、拔節、抽穗期各追肥一次。
 
　　五、yaobawohaoshifeiliang。zaizhuifeishiyaozhenduimeizhongzuowuxuanyongbutongdeshifeiliang
，bukeguoduohuoguoshao，danfeizhuifeiguoliang
，rongyizaochengzuowutushengwangchang，kangbingjikangdaofunenglijiangdi
，youqishixiajiyushuijiaoduo，yichangfengyuguohou
，youhenduoyumiguadaozaidili
，zaochengjianchan。linfeishiyongguoliang，huisuoduanshengchangqi
，guozaoshuhua
，nongzuowupinzhixiajiang
，erzhuifeiguoshaoyoudabudaozengchanxiaoguo
，daozhichanliangxiajiang。yincizaizhuifeishibujinyaozhuyishuliang，haiyaozuohaodapei
，bukepianshimouzhonghuafei
，jinguanqitayangfenchongzu，dandangqueshaomouzhongyangfenshi，nongzuowushengchangzhaoyanghuishoudaoyingxiang
，daozhizuowuchanliangbugaohuozhepinzhixiajiang，zhiyougezhongyangfendapeishifeiliangheshishi，caihuiqidaoshaotouruduochanchudemude。