“七分管、三分剪”,zheshiyitiaozhongyaodeyanghuajingyan。tongguoxiujian,keshihuamudezhitiaofenbujunyun,bingkeyijieshengyangfen,jianshaoxiaohao,tiaojieshushi,kongzhituchang,congershihuamuzhuxingzhengqi,zitaiyoumei,dadaoduokaihua、多結果的目的。
花木的修剪一年四季都可以進行,但主要是在冬、夏xia兩liang季ji。夏xia季ji修xiu剪jian主zhu要yao是shi在zai生sheng長chang期qi,時shi間jian範fan圍wei是shi從cong春chun季ji萌meng發fa新xin梢shao開kai始shi,到dao秋qiu末mo停ting止zhi生sheng長chang為wei止zhi。在zai此ci期qi間jian隻zhi能neng做zuo局ju部bu的de輕qing度du修xiu剪jian,剪jian掉diao枯ku萎wei或huo折zhe斷duan的de枝zhi條tiao,從cong而er保bao持chi株zhu形xing的de整zheng齊qi、youmei。erdongjixiujianshizhixiumianqidexiujian,shijianfanweishicongqiumozhitiaotingzhishengchangkaishi,daolainianzaochundingyamengfaqianweizhi。ciqijianxiujianjiaozhong,xiujiandezhongdianshigenjubutongzhongleidehuamushengchangtexingjinxingshuzhiheduanjie。xiujianshiyaoyinzhongleieryi,qubieduidai。fanshizaichunjikaihuadehuamu,rumeihua、碧桃、連翹、迎春、丁香、海棠、紫(zi)荊(jing)等(deng),花(hua)芽(ya)都(dou)是(shi)在(zai)前(qian)一(yi)年(nian)生(sheng)的(de)枝(zhi)條(tiao)上(shang)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)。因(yin)此(ci),冬(dong)季(ji)不(bu)能(neng)重(zhong)剪(jian),隻(zhi)能(neng)剪(jian)除(chu)無(wu)花(hua)芽(ya)的(de)秋(qiu)梢(shao)。如(ru)果(guo)在(zai)冬(dong)季(ji)修(xiu)剪(jian)過(guo)重(zhong),就(jiu)會(hui)把(ba)夏(xia)季(ji)已(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)帶(dai)有(you)花(hua)芽(ya)的(de)枝(zhi)條(tiao)剪(jian)掉(diao),影(ying)響(xiang)第(di)二(er)年(nian)開(kai)花(hua)。正(zheng)確(que)的(de)做(zuo)法(fa)是(shi)在(zai)開(kai)花(hua)後(hou)一(yi)至(zhi)兩(liang)周(zhou)內(nei)進(jin)行(xing)短(duan)截(jie),促(cu)進(jin)側(ce)枝(zhi)萌(meng)發(fa)成(cheng)新(xin)梢(shao),形(xing)成(cheng)來(lai)年(nian)的(de)花(hua)枝(zhi)。凡(fan)是(shi)在(zai)當(dang)年(nian)生(sheng)枝(zhi)條(tiao)上(shang)開(kai)花(hua)的(de)花(hua)木(mu)。如(ru)月(yue)季(ji)、扶桑、茉莉、一品紅、夜來香、紫薇、金橘、佛手、木芙蓉,應在冬季重剪,促其翌年多萌發新梢、多開花、多結果。對於觀葉花木,應根據冬季室溫來決定修剪的時間,如果室溫較低,則應在入室前修剪,以便縮小冠幅,減少占地麵積;如(ru)果(guo)室(shi)溫(wen)較(jiao)高(gao),應(ying)在(zai)來(lai)年(nian)出(chu)室(shi)時(shi)修(xiu)剪(jian),以(yi)免(mian)刺(ci)激(ji)腋(ye)芽(ya)在(zai)冬(dong)季(ji)萌(meng)發(fa)而(er)抽(chou)生(sheng)新(xin)梢(shao),消(xiao)耗(hao)營(ying)養(yang)。對(dui)於(yu)萌(meng)發(fa)力(li)較(jiao)弱(ruo)的(de)花(hua)木(mu),如(ru)鬆(song)柏(bai)類(lei),重(zhong)剪(jian)後(hou)很(hen)難(nan)恢(hui)複(fu),一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)要(yao)重(zhong)剪(jian)。藤(teng)本(ben)花(hua)木(mu)一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)修(xiu)剪(jian),隻(zhi)剪(jian)除(chu)過(guo)老(lao)和(he)密(mi)生(sheng)弱(ruo)枝(zhi)即(ji)可(ke)。白(bai)玉(yu)蘭(lan)、櫻花、雞爪械等樹形優美的花木,也不做大的修剪。
修剪主要是進行疏枝和短截。疏枝是剪除密生枝、交叉枝、徒長枝、纖弱枝、病bing蟲chong枝zhi及ji枯ku枝zhi,以yi利li於yu通tong風feng透tou光guang,減jian少shao病bing蟲chong害hai的de發fa生sheng。短duan截jie是shi將jiang枝zhi條tiao的de一yi部bu分fen剪jian短duan,促cu使shi其qi萌meng發fa側ce枝zhi,調tiao整zheng長chang勢shi,使shi樹shu冠guan分fen布bu均jun勻yun,樹shu形xing優you美mei,有you利li於yu多duo開kai花hua、多結果。修剪時,剪口要平滑,剪口應在側芽上方1厘米左右為宜。如剪口離側芽太近,往往會傷害芽內的莖葉原始體,芽也易風幹;若(ruo)剪(jian)口(kou)離(li)側(ce)芽(ya)太(tai)遠(yuan),又(you)會(hui)留(liu)下(xia)殘(can)樁(zhuang),影(ying)響(xiang)美(mei)觀(guan)。修(xiu)剪(jian)時(shi)還(hai)應(ying)注(zhu)意(yi)頂(ding)部(bu)側(ce)芽(ya)應(ying)留(liu)在(zai)枝(zhi)條(tiao)的(de)外(wai)側(ce),讓(rang)新(xin)生(sheng)枝(zhi)條(tiao)向(xiang)外(wai)生(sheng)長(chang),這(zhe)樣(yang)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)樹(shu)形(xing)優(you)美(mei)。
手機版




