介殼蟲成蟲由於身上有蠟質介殼,藥劑 nanyishentoujinchongti,yaowufangzhichangbunengqudeyuqidexiaoguo,yincigengyingzhongshiyufang。wenshidengzaipeichangsuoyingbaochiganjing,jishiqingchuzacaojikuzhibaiye。penzhubuyaofangdeguomi,bingzhuyitongfengtouqi。wenshizhouweideshumurufaxianjiekechong,yaojishipenyaohuoxiuquyouchongdebingzhi,yimianmanyandaowenshinei。yinjindezhizhuyidingyaozaixijianzha,tebieshilenggu、疣溝、葉(ye)背(bei)和(he)兩(liang)葉(ye)重(zhong)疊(die)處(chu),這(zhe)些(xie)部(bu)位(wei)最(zui)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)隱(yin)藏(zang)介(jie)殼(ke)蟲(chong),應(ying)刮(gua)除(chu)後(hou)噴(pen)藥(yao),並(bing)隔(ge)離(li)栽(zai)培(pei)一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)間(jian)。平(ping)時(shi)要(yao)多(duo)觀(guan)察(cha)植(zhi)株(zhu),發(fa)現(xian)有(you)少(shao)量(liang)介(jie)殼(ke)蟲(chong)時(shi)可(ke)用(yong)竹(zhu)片(pian)及(ji)時(shi)刮(gua)除(chu),一(yi)般(ban)蟲(chong)體(ti)刮(gua)下(xia)後(hou)便(bian)不(bu)能(neng)再(zai)寄(ji)生(sheng)。也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)蟲(chong)多(duo)的(de)枝(zhi)條(tiao)剪(jian)去(qu)燒(shao)毀(hui),藥(yao)物(wu)防(fang)蚧(jie)一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)抓(zhua)住(zhu)孵(fu)化(hua)後(hou)不(bu)久(jiu)蟲(chong)體(ti)尚(shang)未(wei)被(bei)蠟(la)質(zhi)殼(ke)時(shi)進(jin)行(xing),並(bing)要(yao)反(fan)複(fu)噴(pen)殺(sha)才(cai)有(you)效(xiao)果(guo)。所(suo)用(yong)藥(yao)物(wu)通(tong)常(chang)有(you)50%馬拉硫磷1000倍液、25%亞胺硫磷乳油800倍液和80%敵敵畏乳油混合後加水1000bei。fangzhigenfenjie,zhuyaoyingjiaqiangguancha。dangfaxianzhizhubiaopiyanseandanshikejiangzhizhutuopenjianzha,tichupentuhourufaxiangenbuyouleisifenjiedebaisemianxuzhuangfenmiwu,jiushuomingyougenfenjieweihai,keyongruanfeizaoshuihuoleguo(40%乳劑2000—4000倍液)洗淨根部,晾幹後重新換土種植。此外,在盆底墊瓦片處放少量對二氯苯的結晶有一定的預防作用。
危害仙人掌類和多肉植物的介殼蟲種類很多,主要有仙人掌蚧、粉蚧、長尾粉蚧、夾竹桃圓蚧(也稱長春藤圓蚧)等。以仙人掌蚧最為常見,它能危害仙人掌屬、量天尺屬、曇花屬、令箭荷花屬、蟹爪屬等幾十個屬的種類。仙人掌蚧繁殖快,1年可發生數代。它吸取植物汁液使植株生長迅速衰弱,嚴重時植株枯萎、莖節脫落。即使把蟲刮除,被害部位仍留下難看的黃白色,影響觀賞。粉蚧為害仙人掌類和菊科、景天科、馬(ma)齒(chi)莧(xian)科(ke)等(deng)。夾(jia)竹(zhu)桃(tao)圓(yuan)蚧(jie)主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)害(hai)龍(long)舌(she)蘭(lan)科(ke)多(duo)肉(rou)植(zhi)物(wu),植(zhi)株(zhu)被(bei)害(hai)時(shi),生(sheng)長(chang)嚴(yan)重(zhong)受(shou)影(ying)響(xiang)。粉(fen)蚧(jie)等(deng)的(de)排(pai)泄(xie)物(wu)還(hai)誘(you)發(fa)煤(mei)煙(yan)病(bing),影(ying)響(xiang)生(sheng)長(chang)和(he)觀(guan)賞(shang)。有(you)一(yi)類(lei)介(jie)殼(ke)蟲(chong)叫(jiao)根(gen)粉(fen)蚧(jie),專(zhuan)門(men)為(wei)害(hai)植(zhi)株(zhu)根(gen)部(bu)。一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)易(yi)發(fa)現(xian),植(zhi)株(zhu)受(shou)害(hai)後(hou)水(shui)靈(ling)光(guang)亮(liang)的(de)表(biao)皮(pi)突(tu)然(ran)失(shi)去(qu)光(guang)澤(ze),呈(cheng)現(xian)異(yi)常(chang)的(de)灰(hui)暗(an)色(se),如(ru)不(bu)采(cai)取(qu)措(cuo)施(shi),有(you)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)植(zhi)株(zhu)死(si)亡(wang)。
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