一、桃tao炭tan疽ju病bing的de症zheng狀zhuang。桃tao炭tan疽ju病bing主zhu要yao危wei害hai果guo實shi,也ye可ke危wei害hai葉ye片pian和he新xin梢shao。幼you果guo指zhi頭tou大da時shi即ji可ke發fa病bing,初chu為wei淡dan褐he色se水shui漬zi狀zhuang斑ban,後hou隨sui果guo實shi膨peng大da成cheng圓yuan形xing,紅hong褐he色se,中zhong心xin凹ao陷xian,氣qi候hou潮chao濕shi時shi在zai病bing斑ban上shang長chang出chu橘ju紅hong色se小xiao粒li點dian,即ji為wei分fen生sheng孢bao子zi,幼you果guo染ran病bing後hou停ting止zhi生sheng長chang或huo生sheng長chang緩huan慢man,形xing成cheng早zao期qi落luo果guo,氣qi候hou幹gan燥zao時shi,形xing成cheng僵jiang果guo殘can留liu樹shu上shang,經jing冬dong不bu落luo。幼you果guo上shang的de病bing斑ban,順shun著zhe果guo麵mian增zeng大da並bing達da到dao果guo梗geng,其qi後hou還hai侵qin入ru結jie果guo枝zhi,使shi新xin梢shao上shang的de葉ye片pian以yi主zhu葉ye脈mai為wei軸zhou,縱zong向xiang上shang卷juan,這zhe是shi本ben病bing的de特te征zheng之zhi一yi。果guo實shi成cheng熟shu期qi染ran病bing,初chu時shi為wei淡dan褐he色se水shui漬zi狀zhuang病bing斑ban,後hou漸jian漸jian擴kuo展zhan,呈cheng紅hong褐he色se,凹ao陷xian,出chu現xian同tong心xin環huan狀zhuang皺zhou縮suo,並bing融rong合he成cheng不bu規gui則ze大da斑ban,有you的de病bing斑ban幹gan縮suo,形xing成cheng裂lie果guo,病bing果guo多duo數shu脫tuo落luo,少shao數shu殘can留liu樹shu上shang。一yi條tiao結jie果guo枝zhi上shang如ru有you4—5個染病幼果,該結果枝到秋天就會枯死。
二、無公害防治方法。剪除病枝、摘(zhai)除(chu)病(bing)果(guo),帶(dai)出(chu)田(tian)外(wai),集(ji)中(zhong)銷(xiao)毀(hui),對(dui)防(fang)治(zhi)本(ben)病(bing)非(fei)常(chang)有(you)效(xiao),幼(you)果(guo)剛(gang)發(fa)病(bing)時(shi),在(zai)病(bing)菌(jun)尚(shang)未(wei)侵(qin)入(ru)結(jie)果(guo)枝(zhi)前(qian),將(jiang)病(bing)果(guo)摘(zhai)除(chu)也(ye)有(you)效(xiao),剪(jian)除(chu)病(bing)枝(zhi)的(de)時(shi)期(qi)從(cong)早(zao)期(qi)開(kai)始(shi),到(dao)落(luo)葉(ye)前(qian)整(zheng)個(ge)發(fa)病(bing)期(qi)均(jun)可(ke)進(jin)行(xing)。加(jia)強(qiang)桃(tao)園(yuan)管(guan)理(li),也(ye)是(shi)防(fang)止(zhi)該(gai)病(bing)發(fa)生(sheng)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)措(cuo)施(shi)。做(zuo)好(hao)排(pai)水(shui)工(gong)作(zuo),及(ji)時(shi)降(jiang)低(di)園(yuan)內(nei)濕(shi)度(du),減(jian)少(shao)病(bing)源(yuan)侵(qin)染(ran)機(ji)會(hui),建(jian)園(yuan)在(zai)高(gao)炕(kang)沙(sha)地(di),稀(xi)植(zhi)高(gao)幹(gan)都(dou)是(shi)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)農(nong)業(ye)防(fang)治(zhi)措(cuo)施(shi)。在(zai)平(ping)時(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong),要(yao)增(zeng)施(shi)磷(lin)鉀(jia)肥(fei),提(ti)高(gao)植(zhi)株(zhu)抗(kang)病(bing)能(neng)力(li),對(dui)病(bing)重(zhong)和(he)樹(shu)勢(shi)弱(ruo)的(de)樹(shu)要(yao)重(zhong)剪(jian)落(luo)頭(tou),增(zeng)強(qiang)樹(shu)勢(shi),提(ti)高(gao)抗(kang)病(bing)力(li)。要(yao)適(shi)時(shi)噴(pen)藥(yao),早(zao)防(fang)早(zao)治(zhi)。在(zai)早(zao)春(chun)桃(tao)樹(shu)萌(meng)芽(ya)時(shi)就(jiu)要(yao)噴(pen)施(shi)藥(yao)劑(ji),藥(yao)劑(ji)可(ke)選(xuan)用(yong)4—5波美度的石硫合劑或1:1:100倍的波爾多液。從初花期開始要每隔10—15天噴一次化學藥劑,藥劑可選用80%代森錳鋅800倍,或65%代森鋅500倍,或70%甲基硫菌靈1000倍等,噴藥時一定要注意藥劑交替使用,以免病菌增加抗性,噴藥時注意使藥劑均勻周到,防止有漏拉的部位,而降低防治效果。
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