1.科學繁殖 荷包花多用播種繁殖,於8~9月yue在zai室shi內nei進jin行xing。荷he包bao花hua因yin種zhong子zi小xiao,播bo種zhong季ji節jie氣qi溫wen較jiao高gao,播bo種zhong管guan理li工gong作zuo要yao特te別bie精jing細xi。播bo種zhong可ke選xuan用yong腐fu葉ye土tu與yu細xi沙sha土tu混hun合he的de培pei養yang土tu,種zhong子zi播bo下xia後hou覆fu一yi層ceng過guo篩shai的de細xi沙sha,稍shao許xu蓋gai住zhu種zhong子zi,不bu可ke太tai厚hou。然ran後hou將jiang盆pen底di浸jin水shui潤run濕shi盆pen土tu,盆pen麵mian蓋gai上shang玻bo璃li,放fang置zhi陰yin涼liang處chu,約yue半ban個ge月yue可ke出chu苗miao。待dai長chang出chu3~4片真葉時,可進行移栽。幼苗長出7~8片葉時即定植。
2.栽培管理 荷包花好肥喜光,喜涼爽、濕潤、通風良好的環境,不耐寒,也畏高溫。適生於疏鬆、肥沃、排水良好的沙質土壤中,生長適溫為10~15℃,開花期適溫為10℃左右。盆栽可以2份腐葉土、2份園土、1份礱糠灰混合配製,並加l份(fen)廄(jiu)肥(fei)。荷(he)包(bao)花(hua)喜(xi)溫(wen)暖(nuan)濕(shi)潤(run),但(dan)忌(ji)土(tu)壤(rang)過(guo)濕(shi),平(ping)時(shi)澆(jiao)水(shui)不(bu)宜(yi)過(guo)多(duo),待(dai)土(tu)壤(rang)發(fa)白(bai)時(shi)才(cai)澆(jiao)水(shui),並(bing)注(zhu)意(yi)不(bu)使(shi)水(shui)聚(ju)集(ji)在(zai)葉(ye)麵(mian)及(ji)芽(ya)上(shang),以(yi)免(mian)爛(lan)葉(ye)爛(lan)心(xin)。盆(pen)周(zhou)圍(wei)要(yao)常(chang)噴(pen)水(shui),增(zeng)加(jia)周(zhou)圍(wei)環(huan)境(jing)濕(shi)度(du)。幼(you)苗(miao)期(qi)注(zhu)意(yi)通(tong)風(feng),溫(wen)度(du)保(bao)持(chi)12~15℃為宜。花前每10天施1次腐熟餅肥水。開花期溫度不要高,維持5~7℃即ji可ke。花hua期qi不bu能neng把ba水shui澆jiao到dao花hua朵duo上shang,否fou則ze不bu易yi結jie果guo實shi。荷he包bao花hua為wei長chang日ri照zhao植zhi物wu。要yao保bao證zheng光guang照zhao充chong足zu。花hua莖jing抽chou出chu後hou,容rong易yi發fa生sheng蚜ya蟲chong危wei害hai,需xu注zhu意yi防fang治zhi。
3.無土盆栽要點 用無土栽培培育成長的荷包花,莖粗、葉厚、花紫色豔,花期早而且長,花朵特大,最大的花徑可達6厘米,大大提高了觀賞價值和經濟價值。荷包花盆栽無土栽培的基質,可采用爐渣、蛭石或泥炭、珍珠岩1∶l的混合物,栽植前,先在盆底墊一層陶粒作為排水層,再裝入上述的混合基質,並澆透營養液,然後將小苗按每盆1株移入盆內。栽後即向小苗噴水,並將盆放置陰涼處,緩苗後移在有遮陰的陽光下養護。在夏季高溫天氣,每天要向葉麵噴水2~3次,以降低溫度並保持空氣濕度。平時要每隔8~10天補營養液1次,每次的補液量為100~200haosheng。jiaoshiyingyangyexuyaoxixin,qiewubayingyangyenongdaozhizhudeyepianshang,meicibuyehouyaojiaoshui,bingjingchangzhuyibaochijizhishirun。hebaohuaxiaisansheguang,xiajikejianghuapenfangzhiyuyinpengxiahuoshineibijiaoyinliang、通tong風feng之zhi處chu,不bu能neng讓rang陽yang光guang直zhi射she。此ci花hua對dui長chang日ri照zhao比bi較jiao敏min感gan,管guan理li中zhong可ke利li用yong這zhe一yi特te點dian,在zai冬dong季ji進jin行xing人ren工gong補bu光guang,促cu成cheng栽zai培pei,使shi花hua期qi提ti前qian到dao元yuan旦dan或huo春chun節jie,以yi供gong節jie日ri欣xin賞shang。在zai花hua卉hui生sheng長chang期qi間jian,室shi溫wen不bu能neng低di於yu10℃,白天一般應保持在15~20℃;開花後,溫度控製在5~8℃,這樣可以使花期延長,增長欣賞時間。
手機版




