一
、徒tu長chang莖jing細xi弱ruo，葉ye片pian薄bo，葉ye色se淡dan綠lv，組zu織zhi柔rou嫩nen
，根gen係xi不bu發fa達da，定ding植zhi後hou緩huan苗miao慢man，成cheng活huo率lv低di，花hua芽ya分fen化hua晚wan且qie不bu正zheng常chang，花hua芽ya數shu量liang少shao
，畸ji形xing花hua和he弱ruo小xiao花hua多duo，易yi脫tuo落luo，觀guan賞shang價jia值zhi低di。防止措施：一是增加光照和控製苗床溫度。當幼苗生長擁擠時
，及時間苗

、fenmiao，fangzhiguofenzheyin。jishizaiyintian，yeyaoshidangjiekaifugaiwu
，shiyoumiaojianguangchongfen。yaoanzhaoyoumiaogegejieduanshengchangfayudexuyaoyangekongzhimiaochuangwendu。ershikongzhijiaoshui，penshilinjiafeihuoliyongzhiwushengchangtiaojiejikongzhishengchang。shiyanbiaoming

，youmiaoquxiangtuchangshi
，meipingfangmimiaochuangpensa1公斤2000ppm矮壯素，10天後葉色即轉濃綠
，莖變粗壯，其抗逆性也增強。

    二、僵(jiang)苗(miao)幼(you)苗(miao)生(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育(yu)受(shou)到(dao)抑(yi)製(zhi)時(shi)易(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)僵(jiang)苗(miao)，特(te)征(zheng)是(shi)苗(miao)矮(ai)小(xiao)，莖(jing)細(xi)弱(ruo)，葉(ye)小(xiao)，根(gen)少(shao)，不(bu)易(yi)長(chang)新(xin)根(gen)，花(hua)芽(ya)分(fen)化(hua)不(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)，易(yi)落(luo)花(hua)落(luo)果(guo)
，定(ding)植(zhi)後(hou)緩(huan)苗(miao)慢(man)。

    三、youmiaojianghuadezhuyaoyuanyinshimiaolingguochanghuomiaochuangchangqidiwenganhan。yinggaikongmiaoweicumiao
，geiyishiyidewenduheshuifen


，cujinshengchang。caiyonglengchuangyumiaoshi，jinliangtigaowendutebieshidiwen，kongzhijiaoshui。meipingfangmichuangmianpensa10克10至30ppm赤黴素溶液。三
、凍(dong)害(hai)幼(you)苗(miao)受(shou)凍(dong)後(hou)
，葉(ye)片(pian)和(he)莖(jing)呈(cheng)深(shen)色(se)水(shui)漬(zi)狀(zhuang)
，並(bing)慢(man)慢(man)幹(gan)枯(ku)而(er)死(si)。當(dang)幼(you)苗(miao)隻(zhi)受(shou)到(dao)輕(qing)微(wei)凍(dong)害(hai)時(shi)，雖(sui)然(ran)外(wai)部(bu)形(xing)態(tai)變(bian)化(hua)不(bu)大(da)
，但(dan)生(sheng)理(li)機(ji)能(neng)已(yi)明(ming)顯(xian)降(jiang)低(di)
，影(ying)響(xiang)幼(you)苗(miao)的(de)生(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育(yu)。可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)人(ren)工(gong)控(kong)溫(wen)育(yu)苗(miao)，如(ru)電(dian)熱(re)溫(wen)床(chuang)育(yu)苗(miao)等(deng)。根(gen)據(ju)天(tian)氣(qi)變(bian)化(hua)，及(ji)時(shi)采(cai)取(qu)防(fang)寒(han)保(bao)暖(nuan)措(cuo)施(shi)，在(zai)寒(han)潮(chao)侵(qin)襲(xi)


、diwenlailinshi
，gaihaofugaiwu，biyaoshizaijiagaicaolian，bingjinliangbaochiganzao
，fangzhibeiyuxuelinshi。jiaqiangguanli，shidangzengjiaguangzhao，tigaoyoumiaokanghannengli。lingwai，shidangkongzhijiaoshui，helizengshilinjiafei，yenengtigaoyoumiaokanghanli。

    四、fengganyouyuyoumiaogenxixishuiyuzhengtengzuoyongxiaohaodeshuifenshiqupingheng，shinenyeshishuiguoduoerweinian，shijianguochang，yepianchenglvsegansi
，chengweifenggan。fangzhicuoshishimiaochuangtongfengyouxiaodaoda，shiyoumiaoyouyigeduanliandeguocheng。dafengdetianqi

，yingfangzhifugaiwubeifengchuipao。

    五、漚根又叫爛根，是因苗床濕度大、溫度低引起的生理病害，尤其在寒流侵襲的陰冷

、風(feng)雪(xue)天(tian)氣(qi)
，苗(miao)床(chuang)不(bu)能(neng)通(tong)風(feng)換(huan)氣(qi)，幼(you)苗(miao)生(sheng)長(chang)弱(ruo)時(shi)容(rong)易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)。表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)根(gen)部(bu)呈(cheng)褐(he)鏽(xiu)色(se)腐(fu)爛(lan)
，地(di)上(shang)部(bu)生(sheng)長(chang)受(shou)阻(zu)甚(shen)至(zhi)停(ting)止(zhi)，葉(ye)色(se)灰(hui)綠(lv)，並(bing)逐(zhu)漸(jian)變(bian)黃(huang)。防(fang)止(zhi)措(cuo)施(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)控(kong)製(zhi)澆(jiao)水(shui)
，苗(miao)床(chuang)幹(gan)時(shi)，按(an)需(xu)水(shui)情(qing)況(kuang)澆(jiao)淋(lin)，防(fang)止(zhi)大(da)水(shui)漫(man)灌(guan)。發(fa)生(sheng)漚(ou)根(gen)要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)通(tong)風(feng)排(pai)濕(shi)，亦(yi)可(ke)撒(sa)細(xi)幹(gan)土(tu)或(huo)草(cao)木(mu)灰(hui)吸(xi)濕(shi)，或(huo)多(duo)鬆(song)土(tu)增(zeng)加(jia)土(tu)壤(rang)蒸(zheng)發(fa)量(liang)。