進入春季,隨著氣溫的回升,西紅柿根結線蟲、枯萎病、青qing枯ku病bing等deng三san種zhong病bing害hai逐zhu漸jian加jia重zhong發fa生sheng。這zhe三san種zhong病bing害hai的de症zheng狀zhuang從cong表biao麵mian難nan以yi區qu分fen,下xia麵mian,我wo們men就jiu詳xiang細xi介jie紹shao一yi下xia三san種zhong症zheng狀zhuang的de不bu同tong之zhi處chu以yi及ji解jie決jue辦ban法fa,幫bang助zhu廣guang大da菜cai農nong朋peng友you們men對dui症zheng下xia藥yao。
這(zhe)三(san)種(zhong)情(qing)況(kuang)都(dou)能(neng)使(shi)受(shou)害(hai)蔬(shu)菜(cai)植(zhi)株(zhu)萎(wei)蔫(nian),但(dan)前(qian)兩(liang)者(zhe)都(dou)是(shi)傳(chuan)染(ran)性(xing)病(bing)害(hai),植(zhi)株(zhu)受(shou)害(hai)後(hou),維(wei)管(guan)束(shu)逐(zhu)漸(jian)變(bian)褐(he),受(shou)害(hai)前(qian)期(qi)中(zhong)午(wu)萎(wei)蔫(nian),早(zao)晚(wan)恢(hui)複(fu)正(zheng)常(chang),後(hou)期(qi)則(ze)持(chi)續(xu)萎(wei)蔫(nian)。將(jiang)病(bing)莖(jing)縱(zong)切(qie)後(hou)放(fang)在(zai)盛(sheng)有(you)清(qing)水(shui)的(de)透(tou)明(ming)玻(bo)璃(li)杯(bei)中(zhong),如(ru)有(you)粘(zhan)液(ye)溢(yi)出(chu)的(de)為(wei)青(qing)枯(ku)病(bing),無(wu)粘(zhan)液(ye)溢(yi)出(chu)而(er)植(zhi)株(zhu)下(xia)部(bu)葉(ye)片(pian)變(bian)黃(huang)的(de)則(ze)是(shi)枯(ku)萎(wei)病(bing)。根(gen)線(xian)蟲(chong)為(wei)害(hai)初(chu)期(qi),地(di)上(shang)部(bu)植(zhi)株(zhu)生(sheng)長(chang)不(bu)良(liang),葉(ye)子(zi)比(bi)正(zheng)常(chang)植(zhi)株(zhu)的(de)葉(ye)子(zi)小(xiao),地(di)下(xia)部(bu)須(xu)根(gen)減(jian)少(shao),有(you)的(de)線(xian)蟲(chong)可(ke)在(zai)須(xu)根(gen)上(shang)形(xing)成(cheng)“串珠狀”的蟲瘤;有的線蟲則在主根和側根交界處的皮層蛀食為害,導致皮層組織疏鬆。
一、青枯病
congwaibiaoshangkan,xihongshiqingkubingzuizhuyaodetezhengjiushizhizhuweinian。fabinghoubiaoxianweihaotiandebaitiandingshangbuweinian,yihouxiabuchuanrandaozhongjian,yeyoudeyicezhixianweinian,yeyoudezhengzhuweinian。chuxianweinianzhengzhuangdexihongshi,jiaruxuekaitadejingjibu,keyiqingxidekandao,limiandeweiguanshuyijingbianchenglehese。zhengshiyouyuzhexieweiguanshuzaodaolepohuai,shiyangfenheshuifenwufazhengchangxiangshangshusong,caihuishixihongshichuxianleweinianxianxiang。zhuanjiazhichu,xihongshiqingkubingruguobunengjishizhiliao,jiuhuizaifanfuweinianjicizhihou,chuxiansike,geicainongdailaihendadesunshi。duifuxihongshiqingkubing,zuihaodebanfashishiyongyaojiguangen,ruyongDT加新植黴素或農用鏈黴素加生根劑。在使用藥劑灌根的同時,沒有發病的西紅柿也可以使用上述藥劑進行保護性噴霧,預防病害侵染。
lingwai,yijingfabingsiwangdexihongshizhizhu,bunengsuiyiqizhizaidapengli,eryinggainachupengwaishenmai,tongshiduiturangjinxingxiaodu。fangzhiqingkubing,nongshiguanlifeichangzhongyao。youyuqingkubingshuyuturangdaijun,keyitongguoliushuixunsuchuanbo,dashuimanguankeshiqingkubingxunsuchuanbomanyan。yinci,yousikezhengzhuangfashengdedapengyaoyanjindashuimanguan。tongshi,shidangpenshiyixiezhiwushengchangtiaolijihuoyemianfei,keyiyouxiaocujinxihongshihuifushengchang,rufengshouyihao、雲大120、愛多收等。施肥方麵注意少施氮肥,多施有機肥和磷鉀肥,也能增強植株的抗病力。
二、枯萎病
該病為維管束病害,多在定植後開始表現,發病初期,距地麵較近葉片發黃,最後變褐色枯死,枯葉多殘留在莖上不脫落;也有發病初期,在莖的一側葉片發黃,另側葉片色澤正常;也ye有you個ge別bie枝zhi上shang葉ye片pian,半ban邊bian葉ye片pian發fa黃huang,另ling半ban邊bian葉ye片pian正zheng常chang。發fa病bing嚴yan重zhong時shi,病bing葉ye由you下xia向xiang上shang擴kuo展zhan,最zui後hou僅jin殘can留liu頂ding端duan數shu葉ye片pian外wai,其qi餘yu均jun枯ku死si。發fa病bing輕qing的de,隻zhi距ju地di麵mian較jiao近jin葉ye片pian黃huang葉ye外wai,其qi餘yu均jun正zheng常chang,開kai花hua、jieguoyujianzhubiewuchabie。bingzhugenbuhesefulanhuojubuhuaisi。poushijingjibuweiguanshuhuanghese。benbingyuxihongshiqingkubingzhengzhuangzhuyaoqubiezaiyuzhizhudebinghouyepiankuhuang。chaoshishichangzaijingjibushengfenhongsemeizhuangwu。
防治方法:⑴與具有辛辣味的蔬菜進行輪作3-4年,如大蔥、大蒜等蔬菜。⑵選用無病種子,或種子播種前用52℃溫水浸種30分鍾消毒。或種子用0.4%的50%多菌靈播種。⑶無病土育苗。⑷加強棚事管理,結果後增加通風量,降低土溫。⑸發病初期用50%菌靈1000倍液灌根,每株200毫升,每隔7-10天灌藥一次,連灌2-3次。
三、根結線蟲
zhuyaofashengyuxihongshidexugenjicegenshang,qiekaigenjieyouhenxiaoderubaisexianchongzangyuqizhong,genjieshangshengchudexingenhuizaiduranbing,bingxingchenggenjiezhuangzhongliu,fabingyanzhongdezhizhuxingtaiaixiao,fayubuliang,shenzhizaoshuaikusi。
防治方法:⑴田tian間jian管guan理li措cuo施shi。在zai西xi紅hong柿shi生sheng長chang期qi間jian,應ying加jia強qiang田tian間jian管guan理li,合he理li的de肥fei水shui措cuo施shi可ke以yi增zeng強qiang西xi紅hong柿shi的de抗kang病bing能neng力li。當dang根gen結jie線xian蟲chong發fa生sheng後hou,應ying徹che底di處chu理li病bing殘can體ti,集ji中zhong燒shao毀hui或huo深shen埋mai。處chu於yu生sheng長chang中zhong期qi的de蔬shu菜cai可ke選xuan用yong阿e維wei菌jun素su加jia豐feng收shou一yi號hao、健之寶藥肥、阿維有機肥等防治效果較好。⑵藥劑防治。在播種或定植時,穴施健之寶藥肥、阿維有機肥等,可控製線蟲為害。另外,還可在日光溫室休閑季節,使用石灰氮高溫燜棚或選用溴滅泰等嚴格消毒。
手機版




